Reference no: EM131162054

Question 1. By age ____________, a child's vision becomes similar to an adult's.

1 or 2

3 or 4

5 or 6

8 or 9

Question 2. According to Erik Erikson, parenting, starting a business, and creating a work of art are examples of ____________.

neural migration

generativity

individuation

stagnation

Question 3. The earliest researchers in psychology examined the subjective experience of physical sensations. This area of study is known as:

neuroscience.

philosophy.

physiology.

psychophysics.

Question 4. By 13 to 15 weeks after conception, ___________.

the head of the fetus has grown to 70% of its adult weight

the vision of the fetus is fully developed

the neurons connecting the ear to the brain are complete

the taste buds of a fetus look very much like an adult's

Question 5. ________________ is a degenerative disease marked by progressive cognitive decline with symptoms including confusion, memory loss, mood swings, and eventual loss of physical function.

Down's syndrome

Alzheimer's disease

Schizophrenia

Bipolar disorder

Question 6. Psyche, the root word of "psychology," comes from the Greek for _____________.

heart

soul

mind

personality

Question 7. The key event that distinguishes the embryonic stage from the third stage, the fetal stage, is the formation of the ___________.

bone cells

zygote

brain

blastocyst

Question 8. Whether a result holds or not, new predictions can be generated from the data, leading in turn to new studies. This is why the process of scientific discovery is ___________.

repetitive

replicative

cumulative

degradative

Question 9. With the onset of puberty and adolescence, children begin to focus on ____________.

egocentrism

developing their animistic thinking

the questions of who they are

motor skills

Question 10. Which of the following, in all probability, creates a consolidation of discrete experiences that evokes a holistic experience of something?

The synchrony of cell assemblies

Metaplasticity

Tetanic stimulation

Long-term potentiation

Question 11. Nina is attending a get-together where she has to struggle to listen to a conversation with her colleague due to a lot of background noise. However, her ears prick up as soon as she hears her name being mentioned by someone in another part of the room and, consequently, she loses the thread of conversation with her colleague. Which of the following terms best describes the experience Nina has?

The serial-position effect

The Stroop effect

The cocktail party effect

Perceptual constancy

Question 12. ____________ is the sex hormone that initiates the growth of breasts, widening of hips, and increase in body fat in girls.

Testosterone

Estradiol

Leptin

Oxytocin

Question 13. Which of the following holds true when a person is fully awake?

The person is in a fully conscious state at all times.

The person cannot be in a minimally conscious state for prolonged periods of time.

The person can experience vacillating consciousness.

The person cannot experience states of moderate consciousnesses.

Question 14. The female gonads are called _____________.

vagina

fallopian tubes

ovaries

uteri

Question 15. Which among the following is the clearest marker of reaching adulthood?

Animistic thinking

Having a child

Symbolic thinking

Graduating

Question 16. Which of the following statements is true of the Stanford Prison Experiment?

All participants were fully informed about the fact that they would be assigned the roles of a prisoner or a guard.

All participants were informed of the details and the extent to which being in this study would be like being in a real prison world.

All participants were told upfront that, if they were assigned to the prisoner role, they would be strip-searched.

All participants were informed that they might experience physical pain or psychological distress during the study.

Question 17. In a(n) ___________, responses are limited to the choices given.

case study

questionnaire

interview

experimental study

Question 18. What stage does wakefulness without awareness suggest?

Vegetative

Drowsiness

Lucid dreaming

Comatose

Question 19. Which of the following is true about dementia?

Aging is a necessary and sufficient cause of dementia.

Neurological conditions such as strokes can lead to dementia among the elderly.

Dementia can lead to multiple strokes among the elderly.

Pruning in early childhood is a significant cause of dementia in late adulthood.

Question 20. Juan, a psychologist, is studying participants' perceptions of the attractiveness of several deodorants in a laboratory. However, as he conducts his study, people are cooking their lunches in the cafeteria nearby, and the smells of onions and fish are making their way into the laboratory. Juan should stop his experiment for the day because the odors of the food is most likely a __________.

nocebo

control variable

confounding variable

a placebo

Question 21. Which of the following holds true regarding consciousness?

Much of what we do requires deliberate, conscious thought.

Consciousness is an easily defined term.

New information can cause consciousness to change dramatically.

Consciousness has five aspects to it.

Question 22. The Greek physician ______________ was the first to write about a man suffering from a phobia of heights-what we now call acrophobia.

Galen

Hippocrates

Socrates

Aristotle

Question 23. On average, girls reach puberty at about age ______________.

9

11

13

15

Question 24. During their studies in 2009, Aberg and colleagues found positive correlation between ______________ and better cognitive scores.

vision

muscular strength

size of the anterior lobe

cardiovascular fitness

Question 25. 25. Which of the following questions is most likely to be discussed by a cognitive psychologist?(Points : 2)

How do people visualize objects in their minds?

How does the presence of other people change an individual's thoughts, feeling, or perceptions?

Why are we attracted to particular kinds of people?

How does parent-infant bonding affect adult relationships?

Question 26. The following is an excerpt from an in-depth paper Dr. Smith, a therapist, wrote about her client: "Irene experienced the loss of her parents at an early age. She is now 36, divorced, and has two children. Irene has difficulty maintaining steady employment. Eight months ago, she was diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Irene is responding well to an experimental antidepressant and to cognitive behavioral therapy. She has a hopeful prognosis." This research method can be best termed as a(n) ___________.

interview

case study

naturalistic observation

survey

Question 27. Which of the following is most likely to be a risk factor for dementia?

Age

Gender

Ethnicity

Social class

Question 28. Which of the following is most likely to cause mental retardation, low birth weight, and behavioral problems to a developing baby?

Anorexia nervosa

Diarrhea

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Question 29. Which of the following statements regarding correlational studies is true?

The major advantage of the correlational approach is that it establishes whether one variable actually causes the other.

Correlations range between -1.00 and +1.00, with coefficients near -1.00 indicating that there is no relationship between the two variables.

Correlational studies are useful when the variables can be easily manipulated or controlled.

Correlational designs measure two or more variables and their relationship to one another.

Question 30. The feeling of being in love is attributed to:

objective consciousness.

intelligence.

psychic consciousness.

subjective consciousness.

Question 31. Client-centered therapy holds that people have mental health problems because:

their self-actualization needs are not met.

they develop insight into their own behavior and develop maladaptive behaviors.

of the rapid and random firings of the occipital lobe neurons.

there is a gap between who they are and who they would ideally like to be.

Question 32. Which of the following statements is true for mental sets in problem-solving?

Education and training cannot lead to the creation of mental sets.

Having strategies for problem-solving can prevent the development of fresh perspectives.

Using mental sets while solving tests is an example of employing divergent thinking.

Mental sets make it possible to look at problems from different points of view.

Question 33.  _____ disorder is a major psychological disorder that involves a sudden loss of memory or change of identity.

Personality

Dissociative

Factitious

Somatic symptom

Question 34. If Alan is diagnosed with avoidant personality disorder, which of the following best explains his condition?

He fears being rejected and has a strong need to be cared for that makes him form clingy and dependent relationships with others.

He wants to be the center of attention and often behaves in a very dramatic, flamboyant, and exaggerated way.

He is extremely suspicious and mistrustful of other people, in ways that are both unwarranted and not adaptive.

He is afraid of being criticized and hence avoids interacting with others, making him socially isolated.

Question 35. Which of the following statements is true of the development of schizophrenia?

Schizophrenia primarily occurs because of mutation in the genes.

Schizophrenia occurs predominantly due to stress factors in one's external environment.

Genes are epigenetically turned on or off by environmental experiences during brain development to produce the disorder.

There is scant relation between one's genes and one's environmental conditions to suggest that mutual interaction produces the disorder.

Question 36. Thinking outside the box implies that ______.

it is possible for any problem to have only a single solution

solutions can be found by looking at a problem from a new perspective

relying on past experience is often the best way to solve a problem

algorithms are the only valid methods of solving a problem

Question 37. Alan is in psychotherapy. The therapist tells Alan to recall the recurring dream he's been having and to say whatever comes to his mind, regardless of how threatening or troubling it may seem. The aim of this process is to unlock the meaning of Alan's dream. The technique being used by the therapist in this scenario is called ___________________.

the empty chair

symbolic function

free association

object permanence

Question 38. Which of the following is a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

disorganized thought

delusions

hallucinations

catatonia

Question 39. Which of the following are the key structures in the neuroendocrine regulation of stress responses?

The hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the adrenal glands

The corpus callosum, the parietal lobe, and the sebaceous gland

The cerebellum, the thyroid gland, and the pineal gland

The frontal lobe, the medulla, and the parathyroid gland

Question 40. Erica is having a hard time with studies. Though she knows she is not a bad student, she finds her social life a lot more appealing than studying for tests and examinations. With her exams drawing closer, she resolves to cut down on her social life and study more-at least until she finishes her exams. What strategy is Erica using in order to cope with the demands of the circumstances?

Social reappraisal strategy

Escape-avoidance strategy

Problem-focused strategy

Emotion disclosure strategy

Question 41. Emily is a menace to all those around her. She has rapid mood swings which are punctuated by uncontrollable bouts of aggression. She has cuts on her arms and legs owing to self-inflicted injuries. This has forced her parents to limit her interaction with others. They find it hard to control her themselves. According to the "4 Ds" of determining whether something is a mental disorder, what does this reveal about Emma's behavior?

Her behavior is dysthymic.

Her behavior is dysfunctional.

Her behavior is dichotic.

Her behavior is delirious.

Question 42. Which of the following statements is true of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5)?

It does not include Internet Gaming Disorder.

It aims to be consistent with international standards for disorder classification.

It describes 50 major categories of disorders.

It does not classify bipolar disorder as a major type of disorder.

Question 43. Jason is suspicious of everyone around him. He is convinced that his parents tried to get rid of him when he had an accident so that they could claim the insurance amount. He even installs a spy camera in his house. Which odd-eccentric personality disorder accounts for Jason's condition?

Borderline personality disorder

Histrionic personality disorder

Paranoid personality disorder

Antisocial personality disorder

Question 44. Some therapists take a(n) _____ approach to psychotherapy, which means they draw on numerous techniques in their work with clients.

psychodynamic

eclectic

cognitive

behavioral

Question 45. The rate at which humans and animals consume energy is known as ____________.

self-actualization

drive

motivation

metabolism

Question 46. The ___________ consists of all the neurons that serve the organs and the glands, and plays a crucial role in stress responses.

lymphatic system

immune system

autonomic nervous system

endocrine system

Question 47. Which of the following refers to a persistent and unreasonable fear of a particular object, situation, or activity?

Depression

Phobia

Obsession

Mania

Question 48. Which of the following would prove to be the most useful for a researcher trying to understand the relationship between emotions and physiological changes?

Study of the digestive system

Study of the cardiovascular system

Study of the autonomic nervous system

Study of the immune system

Question 49. In the context of drug therapies, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors treat depression by:

decreasing the brain's production of glutamate.

decreasing the brain's production of acetylcholine.

increasing the availability of serotonin in the brain.

increasing the availability of GABA in the brain.

Question 50. ___________ are step-by-step formulas or procedures for solving problems.

Mnemonics

Dialectics

Hermeneutics

Algorithms