Reference no: EM133267168

Sam was driving his truck while intoxicated. He ran a stop sign and crashed into Joann's car. Joann tried to avoid the accident but the roads were icy and she swerved and hit Frank, who was driving without wearing a seatbelt. Frank suffered a back injury and Joann suffered a broken arm.

Frank stepped out of his car after the accident and walked over with Joann to the nearby parking lot of Spendco to wait for the police. Unfortunately, Spendco had not scraped the parking lot and Frank fell and broke his ankle. Sam, in the meantime, has passed out behind the wheel of his car. The police arrived on the scene and called an ambulance.

There is a law that requires all ambulance drivers to be licensed medics. Jake is an ambulance driver but he has allowed his medic license to lapse. When Jake arrived at the scene he mistakenly thought Frank was the drunk driver and he handled him roughly, causing further damage to Frank's back.

By the time Frank got to the hospital, he was paralyzed from the waist down.

1. What torts (intentional or unintentional) have been committed (why)? What accident-related injuries is each party potentially responsible for and why? What possible defenses exist?