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Three independent diversity branches are used to transmit a BPSK modulated data over a channel described by: y= sqrt(p)*h*x+n. where y is the recieved signal, x is the transmitted signal (+or-1 with equal probabilities). Assume that h is a random variable with PDF. Pn(h)=0.1*d(h-1)+0.9d(h-3). n is a zero mean white gaussian noise with variance 0.5. Assume that the channel state info is available at the reciever for each of the three branches.(a) what is the optimal decision rule at the reciever?(b) What is the probability of error with equal gain combining?(c) What is the probability of error with MRC?(d) What is the probability of error with SC?(e) What is the probability of error if we make hard-decision on each branch and then use majority-logic combining to make the final decision?(f) What is the probability of error if we select the "best" two branches, and then use MRC with these two branches?(g) Order the schemes of (b) through (f) from best to worst in terms of performance for large SNRs.
A piston-cylinder device contains carbon dioxide CO2 (molar mass = 46 g/mol) as shown in the figure. The cross-section area of the piston is 0.25 m2 and the initial cylinder height is 50 cm. CO2 is initially at 40 bar and 500 oC (state 1).
induction cooking based on power electronic is estimated to be 80 percent efficient compared to 55 percent for conventional electric cooking . if an average home consumes 2 kw-hrs daily using conventional electric cooking.
Design a sequential system to continuously output your set of eight different digits (01275438) in binary at the rate of one digit per clock pulse.
Three loads are connected in parallel across a single-phase source voltage of 240 V (RMS). Load 1 absorbs 12 kW and 6.667 kVAR; Load 2 absorbs 4 kVA at 0.96PF leading; Load 3 absorbs 15 kW at unity power factor.
Use specific details to support your answer. Then evaluate the relative success of democracy and capitalism in Russia, after the end of the Cold War.
Derive the expression for TRANSFER FUNCTION and write the expression for magnitude and phase of H(f).
What are the design implications for the location and positioning of solar cells? Explain why the use of solar cells might be more appropriate in some regions of the country.
A Y-connected load has an impedance of 25+j12 ohms in each phase. It is desired to raise the load power factor to .95 lagging. (a) What size capacitor should be placed in parallel with each phase impedance if frequence = 60 Hz
A single phase transformer has the following rating: 120 kVA, 2000 V/100 V, 60 Hz with 1000 primary turns. Determine: (a) the secondary turns (b) the rated primary and secondary currents (c) the maximum flux
The open circuit voltage of the battery is 1.493 V. When a 100 resistor is connected across it, its measured voltage is 1.356V. Find its approximate Thevenin resistance and draw a model for the battery.
A DTMF signal with duration T seconds can be modeled as a sum of two cosine signals with frequencies frand fc, multiplied by a rectangle function. For example, the DTMF signal for "1" is g1(t) = rect (t/T) * [cos(2pi*687t)+cos(2pi*1209t)]
Calculate the maximum power that can be sent through an a=2cm , b=1cm air-filled waveguide at 12 GHz such that dielectric breakdown does not occur. Assume that the dielectric strength of air at atmospheric pressure is 3x10^6 [V/m]
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