What information is gained from bottom-up perspective

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Questions

1. Imagine that you are showing this image to a group of people and you want them to notice the duck before they notice the rabbit. How might you achieve this?

2. Take a look at the following figure. How might you influence whether people see a duck or a rabbit?

3. Explain how top-down processing is different from bottom-up processing. What information is gained from a bottom-up perspective?

5. One of the recommendations that therapists will make to people who suffer from insomnia is to spend less waking time in bed. Why do you think spending waking time in bed might interfere with the ability to fall asleep faster?

6. Think of a behavior that you have that you would like to change. How could you use behavior modification, specifically positive reinforcement, to change your behavior? What is your positive reinforcer?

7. In thinking about the case of Candace described in Chapter 7 Section 7.5, do you think that Candace benefited or suffered as a result of consistently being passed on to the next grade?

8. You and your roommate spent all of last night studying for your psychology test. You think you know the material; however, you suggest that you study again the next morning an hour prior to the test. Your roommate asks you to explain why you think this is a good idea. What do you tell her?

9. Why should developmental milestones only be used as a general guideline for normal child development?

10. Think about popular television programs on the air right now. What do the women in these programs look like? What do the men look like? What kinds of messages do you think the media is sending about men and women in our society?

11. Why might a prospective employer screen applicants using personality assessments?

12. Some people seem more willing to openly display prejudice regarding sexual orientation than prejudice regarding race and gender. Speculate on why this might be.

14. Consider the study in which volunteers were given nasal drops containing the cold virus to examine the relationship between stress and immune function (Cohen et al., 1998). How might this finding explain how people seem to become sick during stressful times in their lives?

15. Imagine that a child has a genetic vulnerability to antisocial personality disorder. How might this child's environment shape the likelihood of developing this personality disorder?

Reference no: EM133896692

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