What does the name carbohydrate mean

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Problem

A. List the four major classes of biochemical compounds and their functions within the body.
B. Why are fats more efficient than carbohydrates for long-term energy storage?
C. What is the definition of a lipid? What is the general structure of a triglyceride?
D. What is the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated fat, both in terms of molecular structure and of properties?
E. What does the name carbohydrate mean?
F. Why do carbohydrates contain less energy per gram than fats?
G. What are the general structural features of carbohydrates?
H. What are the two different forms that a carbohydrate can take? Which form is dominant under normal conditions?
I. What is one important result of the presence of -OH groups in carbohydrates?
J. Draw the structure of glucose, both in its straight-chain form and in its ring form.
K. What is the difference between a monosaccharide, a disaccharide, and a polysaccharide? Give one example of each.
L. What is the difference in structure between starch and cellulose? What are the results of this difference?
M. What are proteins? What functions do they serve in the body?
N. What are the general structural features of amino acids?
O. How many different amino acids exist in human proteins? How are these amino acids different from one another?
P. What is primary structure in proteins? What kinds of interactions or bonds hold a protein's primary structure together?
Q. What is α-keratin? What is its function? How can it be modified?
R. What is lysozyme? How was it discovered?
S. What is insulin? What is its function?
T. What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
U. What are the four bases found in DNA? List the complement of each one.
V. What are genes? How many exist in humans?
W. What is recombinant DNA?
X. How can genetic engineering be used to treat certain diseases?

Reference no: EM133774115

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