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Question 1
The ultimate aim that any virus must develop is the ability to replicate. Although viruses have evolved a number of strategies to achieve this aim, these strategies often utilize common mechanisms. Read the review paper by Paul Ahlquist describing parallels in the replication mechanisms of various RNA viruses. Describe at least two parallels between two of the types of viruses described in the paper.
Question 2
The 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza has evolved to better replicate in human host cells. Read the Science Daily article and the primary article (Mehle et al.) on how the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus has adapted for replication in humans. What two mechanisms of generating diversity are utilized by the 2009 H1N1 virus? How are the changes that have allowed the 2009 H1N1 to adapt to human cells different to the changes in the 1918 Influenza virus?
Question 3
The unique replication and integration properties of retroviruses require a number of enzymatic activities not required by other RNA viruses. Describe the functions of the unique enzymatic activities of retroviruses, the cellular sites of these enzymatic activities and additional host proteins that are specifically required for retrovirus replication and integration.
Question 4
Describe the mechanisms for generating diversity in RNA viruses. Give examples of at least two of the mechanisms in a specific RNA virus.
Question 5
Read the review entitled "RNA Virus Replication Complexes" by Tao & Ye. Choose one of the following: (+) RNA Viruses, (-) RNA viruses or dsRNA virus and describe the location in the cell of its replication complex and the mechanism by which replication occurs and why this location/mechanism is advantageous to the virus.
When a tropical moth is touched on the thorax it lifts its forewings up abruptly, exposing its brightly coloured hind-wings. What causes the moth to behave this way? What significance can we attach to the fact that the verbal ability scores of ado..
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Drugs known as nucleoside analogs (NA) act against RT, whereas drugs called protease inhibitors (PI) act against PR.
what happen if any did the UMP have on the activity. An investigation was set up to observe the effect of varying concentrations of the substrate galactose(S) on the rate of reaction of the kinase,v, with and without an added artificial nucleoside ..
calculate as many points on the curve as needed to discern its basic charcteristics.how to plot points on a graph
Describe how each functions, and outline how the organs work together to carry out the role of an organ system. What quantity of the purple flowered, short stem plants in the F2 are expected to be pure breeding. Illustrate the work.
What are the underlying mechanisms that help assist a species to originate using sympatric speciation although they are not reproductively isolated like in allopatric speciation.Diversity within species that is using sympatric speciation.
A different walnut rooster was crossed to a rose hen, and all the progeny were walnut. What are the probable genotypes of the parents.
give degradation affect the generation of action potentials.
You are designing a new single-celled organism. Discuss the problems of size, getting molecules like nutrients and wastes in and out, temperature, energy and replication of genetic materials.
Describe how the cell derives additional energy by switching . What was the key factor that determined this change.
You get a soil sample and run an enrichment culture on it. You give the organisms in the culture with all of the ingredients required for growth except for nitrogen. What result do you expect to have at the end of the experiment.
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