Reference no: EM133997066

Questions

1. Georgi (2015) categorizes long term memories based on the type of memory, or how it was acquired. The practitioner would acknowledge that the client has a deficit in __________________ when the client reports that he is unable to remember the names of many of his friends, and cannot recall his children's birthdates.

a. declarative memory
b. procedural memory
c. semantic memory
d. episodic memory

2. The cingulate gyrus functions to process:

a. pain
b. memory
c. self- regulation
d. emotion

3. The reticular formation at the base of the brain acts as a filter to send some of the data through selective attention to the conscious brain for conscious verbal analysis. It connects with major nerves in the spinal column and brain, and sorts the 100 million impulses to the brain each second. Damage to this area of the brain may result in:

a. all of these
b. non-functioning mind
c. coma
d. loss of consciousness

4. The pituitary gland is referred to as the master gland, which influences the release of hormones that regulate human existence. Which of the following hormones depend directly on the pituitary gland?

a. estrogen
b. antidiuretic hormone
c. oxytocin
d. luteinizing hormone
e. aldosterone
f. testosterone
g. thyroid stimulating hormone
h. adrenocorticotropic hormone
i. human growth hormone
j. follicle stimulating hormone
k. melanocyte stimulating hormone

5. Divided into an anterior lobe, intermediate lobe, and posterior lobe, the pituitary gland has two functionally distinct regions: the anterior pituitary gland is the hormone-producing gland and the posterior pituitary gland is an extension of nervous tissue from the hypothalamus that stores each of these hormones EXCEPT:

a. ACTH
b. ADH
c. antidiuretic hormone
d. oxytocin

6. Damage to the pituitary presents with a reduction in:

a. libido
b. muscle mass
c. appetite
d. bowel motility
e. cholesterol
f. blood pressure
g. body fat
h. blood sugar
i. memory
j. bone density

7. Drouin (2015) notes that how humans perceive or "see" the world and engage with it has a lot to do with how the brain is wired. However, the heart connection factors in, since research shows that it functions as a second brain. Which of the following choices is NOT an appropriate intervention for improving brain connectivity?

a. brain mapping
b. neurofeedback
c. psychotropics
d. meditation

8. The cingulate gyrus is an important part of the limbic system which regulates emotions and pain. It is thought to directly drive the body's conscious response to unpleasant experiences. Which of the following is NOT an operation of the cingulate gyrus?

a. learning to avoid negative consequences.
b. fear prevention.
c. avoidance of negative consequences.
d. orientating the body away from negative stimuli.

9. Dispenza notes that the body is a carbon unit that makes about 20 different amino acids; and is basically a protein producing machine. There is a chemical to match every emotion that we experience, for instance:

a. sadness
b. anger
c. victimization
d. lust

10. Age and neurocognitive impairments compromise the quality of life among many people. Practitioners can expect coexisting symptoms, chronic disease, and use of various pharmaceuticals among elder clients (Schwartz and Andrasik, 2016). Which of the following clients are routinely engaged in activities which will allow them to successfully slow the aging process?

a. Darla spends long days at the office, and would like to walk the dog but is too exhausted for getting out of the house or socializing.
b. Jason persists in a habit of 4 regular colas per day, and has been asked to join a men's workout group.
c. Alan participates in yoga classes on the beach every Saturday morning, and fills his diet with raw foods, but is unable to quit a 20-year smoking habit.
d. Lynn loves to meditate, and along with curbing carbohydrates in her diet, enjoys afternoons out with friends at least twice weekly.

11. The human brain holds the "guts: of the most complex machine in the world, and can be thought of as the:

a. source of creativity
b. heart and soul of life
c. dreamer of dreams
d. storage of knowledge

12. Dispenza (2013) notes that although emotions seem to be conscious feelings, they are, in fact, "inner-motions." Which of the following statements is NOT true of inner-motions?

a. Inner-motions are physical responses to stimuli designed to push us away from danger and unpleasant experiences.
b. We must become conscious of inner-motions to successfully bond thinking and feeling.
c. Inner-motions are generated constantly.
d. We are aware of inner-motions most of the time.

13. Scientists thought that the human brain became completely formed in early childhood; but now know by scanning children's brains, that the brain undergoes radical changes during adolescence. Excess gray matter is pruned out, making brain connections more _____________________ and efficient.

a. exclusive
b. predictive
c. specialized
d. determinate

14. Inadequacy of perception of meaning causes suppression of feelings or creates a negative emotion. Ascribing a negative mental meaning to our experiences results in separation otherwise known as ______________.

a. disease
b. worry
c. heartbreak
d. stress

15. Dispenza (2013) indicates that a belief is a thought/feeling that occurs repeatedly until strong connections are made in the brain. Which of the following is the correct sequence of how the mind works?

a. thoughts - perceptions - feelings - beliefs - attitudes
b. attitudes - beliefs - feelings - perceptions - thoughts
c. feelings - thoughts - attitudes - beliefs - perceptions
d. perceptions - beliefs - attitudes - feelings - thoughts

16. The hippocampus is the horseshoe shaped structure located in the right and left hemispheres, called the memory indexer. Personal memories include an emotional component, so calling these memories to mind replays emotions from the past, and creates ____________. New memories must replace old memories to evolve to a more promising future.

a. meaning
b. happiness
c. thought patterns
d. social presence

17. Associated functions of the temporal lobe include:

a. pattern recognition, language production and creativity
b. thought patterns, perception and olfactory sense
c. emotional reaction, learning and physiological stability
d. mood regulation, creativity and sensory awareness

18. Inadequacy of perception of meaning manifests a new reality in which something different must occur. Ego-conditioning creates a distortion of reality and a state of contraction where there is no freedom of choice. Awakening to a greater reality, the quantum self, includes which of the following pathways?

a. pain and suffering
b. hopefulness
c. disorder
d. psychosis

19. Important pieces of information to share with clients, is that they are not stuck with the brain they have. Changing people's brains indeed changes people's lives. An example is the research showing that increasing emotional stability improves school grades. The _____________ and ________________ are our most precious resources.

a. brain and heart
b. heart and stomach
c. heart and lungs
d. brain and senses

20. Pietrobon and Moskowitz (2013) explain that the migraine, once considered exclusively a blood vessel disorder, represents a highly choreographed interaction between the peripheral and central nervous systems, the trigeminovascular system and the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex is the most highly developed part of the human brain, and the site of:

a. language production
b. perception of the environment
c. creativity
d. reasoning

21. "Enlightenment is not a hypnotic state of self delusion or self denial. The state of enlightenment represents the ultimate development of what we ordinarily consider to be the most valuable quality of life" (Wallace, 1974). Based on this understanding, quantum practitioners will realize that neurophysiological refinement is:

a. tangible
b. systematic
c. progressive
d. real

22. Consciousness is the mediator of mind and matter. When collapsed, matter possibilities of consciousness give the sensation of:

a. seeing
b. thinking
c. meaning
d. tasting
e. smelling
f. touching
g. hearing

23. The _______________ is responsible for determining what memories are stored and where the memories are stored in the brain. This determination is based on how huge an emotional response an event invokes. This is referred to as an Emotional Burst - meaning that what we do right now acts as a trigger to store either a good or bad memory. An example is an emotional trauma that produces negative emotions, as in PTSD.

a. frontal lobe
b. amygdala
c. thalamus
d. cortex

24. A fascinating concept that Dr. Drouin refers to is "hijacking" the brain with meditation. Which of the following is an appropriate combination of happy chemicals in association with the experience they produce?

a. oxytocin - trust
b. endorphins - pain reduction
c. norepinephrine - excitement
d. melatonin - rest & relaxation
e. dopamine - self esteem & sleep
f. phenylethylamine - bliss & infatuation
g. acetylcholine - alertness
h. serotonin - reward

25. Neuroimaging and quantitative electroencephalographic (QEEG) studies have confirmed that brain regions with a high density of dopamine receptors and transporters appear essential for the performance of tasks requiring attention, sustained concentration, behavioral inhibition, and working memory (Monastra, 2008). Dopamine promotes such activities as:

a. olfactory and motor control
b. excitation and sleep regulation
c. arousal and motivation
d. wakefulness and satiety

26. Which of the following statistics, if shared by the practitioner would warrant further education? Regular coherence practice results in a risk reduction of:

a. dementia by 20%
b. heart disease by 87%
c. illness by 50%
d. cancer by 55%

27. The neurons in a human brain are designed to withstand a lifetime of work; and can remain in service up to __________________ years.

a. 100
b. 80
c. 60
d. 120

28. The amygdala assesses both internal and external information for threat level and emotional significance and sends the signals to other areas for immediate body action. It operates unconsciously to produce:

a. learning
b. fight or flight response
c. problem solving
d. reward processing
e. angry thoughts
f. cognition
g. fear processing
h. communicability
i. memory storage

29. Dr. Goswami (2011) explains the subtleties of the human mind and how the mind creates disease. It is important to understand emotions and how the mind produces disease by imposing itself on feelings. It is now possible to control the mind, prevent mind-body disease, cope with it, and heal ourselves using the techniques of mind-body medicine. By this explanation, quantum healers understand that mind-body healing image.png.

a. has the capacity to change meaning through quantum creativity.
b. is the responsibility of the healer.
c. can be accomplished through meditation only.
d. opens up a world of possibilities.

30. The occipital lobe is the primary visual area of the brain. It receives projections from the retina where neurons separately encode visual information such as color, orientation and movement. An important feature of the occipital lobes is that they assist the temporal lobes to process what is being seen. Changes in blood flow to the occipital lobes is correlated with ____________________..

a. mania
b. schizophrenia
c. bipolar disorder
d. depression

31. The hypothalamus plays a major role in the body's response to stress, and is the cornerstone of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Alterations in the hypothalamus are strongly associated with these mental illnesses EXCEPT:

a. depression
b. ADHD
c. schizophrenia
d. bipolar disorder

32. Although the teenage brain is full size, it is not complete in development; during maturation, the ________________ needs to develop more fully in order to be able to make future plans and function as an adult in society.

a. cerebellum
b. pre-frontal cortex
c. temporal lobe
d. medulla

33. Both the mind and brain are Quantum possibilities of consciousness. Consciousness collapses the possibility waves of both mind and brain to experience:

a. both meaning and matter possibilities
b. matter but not meaning possibilities
c. neither meaning nor matter possibilities
d. meaning but not matter possibilities

34. The outer reality is merely the outcome of the inner reality, and the environment an extension of our mind. We embrace emotionally a future reality that is originally created in the mind. The ____________ gland is the site of inner vision.

a. thyroid
b. pituitary
c. hippocampus
d. pineal

35. Physical, psychological, and environmental stressors illicit the HPA axis, which is the major neuroendocrine system that controls reactions to stress and regulates processes, such as digestion, immunology, mood and emotions, sexuality, and energy storage and expenditure. The hypothalamus produces _______________ which stimulates the pituitary to produce ________________, which stimulates the adrenal glands to produce _______________. The cycle returns to the hypothalamus which responds to the levels of cortisol in the system.

a. cortisol, corticotropin-releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone
b. corticotropin-releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone; cortisol
c. adrenocorticotropic hormone; cortisol, corticotropin-releasing hormone
d. prolactin; adrenocorticotropic hormone; cortisol

36. The cingulate gyrus is an important part of limbic system which helps regulate emotion and pain. It is thought to directly drive the body's conscious response to unpleasant experiences. It is also involved in fear and the prediction and avoidance of negative consequences, which dissuade the body from negative stimuli. Learning to avoid negative consequences is an important feature of ________________.

a. thought
b. experience
c. balance
d. memory

37. The thalamus is involved in relaying information between the cortex and the brain stem; because of this connection, the thalamus contributes to the following brain processes:

a. movement, timing, problem solving and communication
b. organization, movement, cognition and attention
c. perception, attention, timing and movement
d. attention, cognition, communication and movement

38. The frontal lobes are the brain's largest structures, and consequently have been associated with psychological disorders. Associated functions are executive processes, problem solving, cognition, language and comprehension. Damage to the frontal lobe implies potential for these presentations EXCEPT:

a. atypical social traits
b. mood variability
c. neuropathy
d. impaired language expression

39. Luder's (2012) notes in their research, that people who ____________ exhibit less age-related atrophy in the brain's white matter. White matter makes up nearly half of the brain and is composed of nerve fibers that the brain uses to communicate.

a. walk
b. exercise
c. meditate
d. sing

40. The hypothalamus is the control center for many autonomic functions of the peripheral nervous system, and thereby influences various emotional responses. Connections with structures of the endocrine and nervous systems enable the hypothalamus to play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis. For example, blood vessel connections between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland allow hypothalamic hormones to control pituitary hormones. As a new mindful neural network is created, the old mindless neural network is pruned away, a process which is referred to as:

a. brainwave rehearsal
b. mental rehearsal
c. annotated rehearsal
d. thought rehearsal

41. The two-way traffic between the limbic system and the cortex allows emotions to be consciously felt and conscious thoughts to affect emotions. Each emotion is produced by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which permits the following functions EXCEPT:

a. process pain
b. predict and avoid negative experiences
c. promote self-regulation
d. protect cognition

42. Proprioception, processed in the cerebellum, is a positional sense closely related to kinesthesia and balance, which allows us to eat breakfast and read the newspaper at the same time. Experiencing a cardiovascular accident (stroke) can have a major impact on proprioception (Schwartz and Andrasik, 2016). The cerebellum monitors and regulates which of the following functions?

a. sexual behavior
b. movement
c. speech
d. learning
e. bowel motility
f. vision
g. coordination

43. Neurofeedback can increase the coordination between the brain hemispheres, which may also be referred to as training the brain for increased _________________________.

a. neuroplasticity
b. neurogenics
c. nutraceuticals
d. nanoparticles

44. The brainstem regulates the central nervous system and is crucial in regulating sleep patterns. In addition, the brainstem manages basic functions including:

a. temperature
b. memory
c. heart rate
d. respiration

45. The medulla oblongata is located in the hindbrain, anterior to the cerebellum, which is a cone shaped neuronal mass responsible for multiple autonomic functions. The medulla contains the cardiac, respiratory, vomiting and vasomotor centers, and deals with the autonomic functions of:

a. digestion, heart rate and breathing
b. sleeping, blood pressure and thought patterns
c. heart rate, walking and swallowing
d. breathing, heart rate and blood pressure

46. The conscious mind can only process 50 bits of information per second. However, the unconscious mind can process 11 million bits of information in the same interval of time (Sales, 2014). Emotions may seem like conscious feelings, but they are, in fact, "inner-motions," physical responses to stimuli designed to direct us away from:

a. pain
b. danger
c. unpleasant experiences
d. thoughts

47. The limbic system is a group of brain structures including the amygdala, hippocampus and the hypothalamus. The limbic brain is an important to the body's response to stress and is highly connected to the endocrine and autonomic nervous systems. Associated functions of the limbic system include all EXCEPT:

a. processing odors
b. speech recognition
c. regulating emotion
d. memory formation

48. The amygdala assesses both internal and external information for threat level and emotional significance and sends the signals to other areas for immediate body action. It operates unconsciously, and is responsible for determining what memories are stored and where the memories are stored in the brain. This determination is based on the intensity of the emotional response. The following ability results from the work of the amygdala:

a. social processing
b. colour recognition
c. language acquisition
d. fight or flight response

49. Biofeedback research results indicate that, for absolute values, frontal SEMG seem consistently reliable (Schwartz & Andrasik, 2016). It is important for the neurofeedback practitioner to realize that the frontal lobe is a symphony conductor (Dispenza, 2016), in that it:

a. quiets down circuits to focus on a single concept
b. manages sensory awareness and concept of time
c. controls the volume for sensory and motor feedback
d. connects all parts of the brain

50. The parietal lobe integrates information from the different senses to build a coherent picture of the world. It uses information from the visual pathways to coordinate physical movements in response to the environment. All of the following clinical presentations could indicate damage to the parietal lobe EXCEPT:

a. diminishing reading skills
b. dysregulation
c. disorientation
d. difficulty sensing temperature