Reference no: EM133210217

1. Given this statement: "Garfield is a cat who loves to eat tuna. Tuna is a kind of fish, and fish normally has fins and gills. Both cats and fish are animals. However, Garfield is a mammal, like whales and dolphins but not a shark, as it did not milk and give birth. Nevertheless, there are some mammals laid eggs like a platypus. Sometimes Garfield loves to eat beef lasagne. The lasagne layer is made from wheat. Wheat is a form of cereal grain. An animal is a living thing, and cereal grain too. All living things require protection from humans. Do not forget, and all humans are mammals too!"

a) Construct a Semantic Network approach to represent that statement.

b) Derive a set of First Order Predicate Logic (FOPL) representations to capture important information from that statement.

c) Explain the advantages of using FOPL over Semantic Networks and Production Rules.

2. Common-sense reasoning has been recognized as essential for building more advanced 'general' AI systems with human-like capabilities and reasoning ability, even when facing uncertain, implicit (or potentially contradictory) information. It also includes background knowledge of abstract notions, such as time, space and events. This knowledge allows people to plan, estimate and organize without being too exact. How can this concept be represented using AI-based approaches?