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Q. You are working in a human genetics laboratory that studies causes and treatments for eye cataracts in newborns. This disease is thought to be caused by a deficiency in an enzyme called galactokinase, but the human gene that encodes this enzyme has not yet been identified. At a talk by a visiting scientist, you learn about a strain of bakers' yeast that contains a mutation called gal1- in its galactokinase gene. Because this gene is needed to metabolize galactose, the mutant strain cannot grow in galactose medium. Knowing that all living things evolved from a common ancestor and that distantly related organisms often have homologous genes that perform similar functions, you wonder if the human galactokinase gene can function in yeast. Because you have an optimistic temperament, you decide to pursue this line of experimentation. You isolate mRNA gene transcripts from human cells, use reverse transcriptase to make complementary DNA (cDNA) copies of the mRNA molecules, and ligate the cDNAs into circular plasmid DNA molecules that can be stably propagated in yeast cells. You then transform the pool of plasmids into gal1- (gal1 minus) yeast cells so that each cell receives a single plasmid. What do you think will happen when you spread the plasmidcontaining cells on Petri plates that contain galactose as a carbon source? How could this approach help you find the human gene encoding galactokinase?
What is a specific way a healthy respiratory system differs from a diseased one? How can individuals afflicted with a transmissible respiratory illness prevent the spread of disease and how can healthy individuals avoid contracting respiratory ill..
Explain why cells need to receive nutrients (explain what nutrients are & give examples)? Explain why cells need to receive & send messages (briefly explain how cells of the body communicate and why it is important for cells to communicate).
Why do we have a gag reflex? Are there individuals who do not have this reflex?
What disorder does this man have? Gastric secretions normally include about 10mmole/L potassium. How do you account for the low serum potassium in this patient.
Design an experiment that investigates the rate of respiration in germinating bean seeds by measuring oxygen consumption at different temperatures.
what is the basic structure of an atom. how are the subatomic particles arranged.
Explain the changes in the mother's vital signs after birth. What happens to the BP? What BP pattern would indicate shock from blood loss?
Explain how to make 50 ml of the following 10X Gel electrophoresis loading buffer, 100 mM EDTA (pH 8.0), 0.1 percent and find mature mRNA.
Discuss how would a disease or disorder that interferes with acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junction affect muscle strength?
Barbara McClintock, famous for discovering that genes might move within genomes, had her meticulous work ignored for nearly 4 decades, but eventually won the Nobel Prize. Why was her work so distrusted.
Compute the change in energy of an atom that emits a photon of wavelength 2.21 meters. (Planck's constant is 6.626 x 10-34 joule seconds; the speed of light is 2.998 x 108 m/s)
Comare the structure and function of chloroplasts and mitochondria and discuss how do post-transcriptional and post-translational mutations affect the final products?
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