Reference no: EM132604922

Fill in the blank.

1. The first step in the flow of energy through most of the living world is: ____________

2. Light is composed of small particles, or packets, of energy called: _______________

3. Is the main pigment of photosynthesis: ____________________________________

Multiple choice

4. Plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis by absorbing:

a. high-energy sugars.

b. chlorophyll a.

c. chlorophyll b.

d. sunlight.

5. Where in the chloroplast is chlorophyll found?

a. in the ATP

b. in the stroma

c. in the thylakoid membrane

d. in the thylakoid space

6. Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into

a. oxygen and carbon.

b. high-energy sugars and proteins.

c. ATP and oxygen.

d. oxygen and sugars

7. The organelle that contains chlorophyll

a. chloroplast

b. vacuole

c. cell wall

8. The green pigment of plants that traps the energy of sunlight for photosynthesis is:

a. cell wall

b. chlorophyll

c. cytoplasm

9. The chemical equation for photosynthesis

a. 6CO2 + 6O2 --->using sunlight ---> C6H12O6 + 6H2O

b. 6CO2 + C6H12O6 --->using sunlight ---> 6H2O + 6O2

c. 6CO2 + 6H2O --->using sunlight ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2

d. 6O2 + 6H2O --->using sunlight ---> C6H12O6 + 6CO2

10. Holes in plant leaves that allow carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen to leave.

a. chloroplast

b. stomata

c. chlorophyll

d. roots

11. The part of the plant that absorbs water and minerals from the soil.

a. chloroplast

b. roots

c. chlorophyll

d. stomata

12. The process of the cell cycle in which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called

a. cytokinesis. b. metaphase. c. interphase. d. mitosis.

13. Which event occurs during interphase?

a. The cell carries out metabolic growth processes.

b. Centrioles appear.

c. Spindle fibers begin to form.

d. Centromeres divide.

14. During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell?

a. prophase

b. telophase

c. metaphase

d. anaphase

15. Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of:

a. diploid cells.

b. haploid cells.

c. 2n daughter cells.

d. body cells.

16. Which of the following is a phase of mitosis?

a. cytokinesis

b. interphase

c. prophase

d. S phase

17. Meiosis is a type of cell division that will produce

a. Packets of pollen to be transferred between the abdomen of insects

b. Exact copies of the parent cell

c. The male and female sex cells

d. 2 new somatic cells

18. How many chromosomes are found in human body cells?

a. 26

b.35

c. 46

d. 23

19. How many chromosomes are found in human sex cells?

a. 46

b. 35

c. 72

d. 23

20. The sequence in a chromosome that contains the information to make an RNA or protein product with a specific function is

a. DNA

b. DND

c. ARNm

d. DNAm

21. The site a gene occupies in the chromosome is:

a. Alleles

b. Locus

c. gametes

d. Homozygous

22. The sex of humans and other mammals is determined by the sex chromosomes -X,Y chromosomes X,Y chromosomes. How many 'X' chromosomes a normal female mammal has?

a. two X

b. three X

c. four X

d. five X

23. The sex of humans and other mammals is determined by the sex chromosomes - X, Y chromosomes. How many ‘Y ‘chromosomes a normal male mammal has?

a. one Y

b. three Y

c. four Y

d. five Y

TRUE OR FALSE

24. Genetics is the science of heredity_____________

25 Phenotype is the physical appearance of an organism ______________

26. Genes are units of heredity that affect an organism's traits ___________

27. Homozygous are four identical alleles _______________

28. Dosage compensation is a mechanism that allows males and females to produce the same amounts of proteins coded by X-linked genes ___________

29. Codominance: the heterozygote simultaneously expresses phenotypes of both homozygotes ____________

30. Gregor Mendel in 21th, began the scientific study of inheritance through his breeding of pea plants _______________

Multiple choice

31. Which type of molecule contains genetic information that is passed from parents to offspring?

a. Fat molecules

b. DNA molecules

c. Protein molecules

d. Carbohydrate molecules

32. DNA molecules are made up of subunits called nucleotides that are linked together. How many different types of nucleotides are used to make DNA molecules?

a. One type

b. Two types

c. Three types

d. Four types

33. What are the subunits that make up DNA molecules?

a. Amino acids

b. Nucleotides

c. Fatty acids

d. Proteins

34. In 1952 Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase worked with bacteriophages . Bacteriophages are:

a. Virus

b. Bacteria

c. Fungi

d. protozoa

35. Who applied the information and began to build scale models of DNA components?

a. Watson and Crick

b. Rosalind Franklin

c. Erwin Chargaff

d. Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase

36. Who used X-ray diffraction to determine 3-D structure and measurements of the DNA molecule?

a. Watson and Crick

b. Rosalind Franklin

c. Erwin Chargaff

d. Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase

37. Enzymes able to open the double helix like a zipper, forming a replication fork is known:

a. DNA polimerase

b. DNA primase

c. DNA ligase

d. helicase

38. A special DNA replication enzyme, can lengthen telomeric DNA by adding repetitive nucleotide sequences to the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes is:

a. DNA polymerase

b. helicase

c. Telomerase

d. None of the above

39. Okazaki fragments have:

a. 100- to 2000-nucleotide fragments

b. 200- to 3000-nucleotide fragments

c. 300- to 5000- nucleotide fragments

d.400-to 6000-nucleotide fragments

40. Enzymes proofread and repair errors in DNA when an error in base pairing is found. Which enzyme immediately removes the incorrect nucleotide and inserts the correct one:

a. DNA primase

b. DNA ligase

c. helicase

d. DNA polymerase