Reference no: EM133449066

Question 1
Which of the following is NOT a vowel quality feature?
a. Rhotacization
b. Palatalization
c. Nasalization
d. Labialization

Question 2
Which of the following sounds is the least sonorous?
a. [?]
b. [?]
c. [?]
d. [j]

Question 3
Which of the following symbols represents the sound made with the vocal folds least open?
a. [b? ] (The under-ring is below the [b])
b. [b? ]
c. [b?]
d. [b?]

Question 4 Stress applies to:
a. Sound segments.
b. Syllables.
c. Phrases.
d. (b) or c

Question 5: Which of the following words contains a consonant articulated in the pharynx?

a. [hejmo] ‘home' (Esperanto)
b. [ra?a] ‘money' (Danish)
c. [?at] ‘wheel' (Dutch)
d. [?il] ‘one' (Korean)

Question 6

Which of the following words contains the most front, rounded vowel of all? (Tone in Chinese is not shown for simplicity's sake).

a. [væ:?] ‘worm' (Québécois French)
b. [nø:] ‘woman' (Hungarian]
c. [??œ:?] ‘long' (Mandarin)
d. [b?œ~ ] ‘brown' (French)

Question 7
Which of the following words contains the voiceless counterpart of [j]?
a. [χut] ‘good' (Afrikaans)
b. [??:h] ‘king' (Persian)
c. [?ubof] ‘love' (Bulgarian)
d. [çum?] ‘river' (Sicilian)

Question 8
Which of the following words contains a consonant that is [coronal]?
a. [??x] ‘loch' (Scottish)
b. [bu:x] ‘book' (German)
c. [he?o] ‘wing' (Basque)
d. [muh] ‘barn' (Agul - Northeast Caucasian language)

Question 9
Which of the following words contains a flap?
a. [me?a] ‘day' (Greek)
b. [bi???] ‘joke' (Tagalog)
c. [koko?o] ‘heart' (Japanese]
d. [ja?ok] ‘green' (Hebrew)

Question 10
Which of the following approximants is NOT a semivowel?
a. [?]
b. [?]
c. [j]
d. [w]

Question 11
In which of the following words can the syllable-final nasal become syllablic?
a. stubborn

b. bacon
c. maiden
d. Even

Question 12
In which of the following words can tapping happen?
a. realtor
b. lantern
c. porter
d. Factor

Question 13
In which of the following phrases does the consonant [d] sound the least voiced?
a. Spend some.
b. Spend it.
c. Spend more.
d. Spend a lot.

Question 14
In which of the following words is the on-glide [ju] found in a reduced syllable?
a. reunited
b. reunion
c. curriculum
d. Unification

Question 15
Which of the following words contains the fricative counterpart of the stop [k]? (Tone in Vietnamese is not shown for simplicity's sake)
a. [????] ‘mirror' (Vietnamese)
b. [xoβen] ‘young' (Spanish)
c. [go?od] ‘city' (Russian)
d. [χwe:χ] ‘six' (Welsh)

Question 16
The vocal folds are the most open in the articulation of which of the following consonants?
a. [?]
b. [?]
c. [d? ]

d. [d?]

Question 17
English is categorized as having:
a. Fixed phrase stress.
b. Variable phrase stress.
c. Variable word stress.
d. Fixed word stress.

Question 18
Which of the following sounds is nonsyllabic?
a. [?]
b. [n? ]
c. [?]
d. [?]

Question 19: One of the gestures involved in the articulation of a [+ATR] vowel is:

a. Lowered larynx.
b. Raised larynx.
c. Narrowed pharynx.
d. Retracted tongue.

Question 20
Which of the following symbols represents a nonvocoid?
a. [?]
b. [l?] (There should be a vertical stroke under this symbol)
c. [w]
d. [y]

Question 21: see pictures below

Volapiik. Volapuk-literally meaning 'language of the world'-is a constructed language invented by a German priest named Johann Martin Schleyer in 1879. The following are the letter- sound correspondences of the language:

Important phonetic informafion:
Stress falls on the last syllable of words of two and more syllables.
There are NO diphthongs in the language.
The affricate [I[] becomes [ch;] before voiced consonants. The fricative |}] becomes [ ] before voiced consonants. The fricafive [s] becomes [z] after voiced consonants.
The affricate [Is] becomes [dz] a[ter voiced consonants.

YOUR TASK:

Based on the chart above, provide a phonetic transcription of the following short text in Volapuk (in red). Where voicing assimilation applies-as explained in the phonetic information part-make sure you show the correct symbols.

Mens valik pemotons libiko e leigiko tefii digad e gitats. Labons tikali e konsieni, e sotons kosadon ko ods siamii svistal.

All tiuman beings ore born (ree and equal in dignity and rights. They ore endowed with reason and conscience and should oct towards one another in a spirit or brotherhood.