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Cells use transporters to move nearly all metabolites across membranes. But how much faster is a transporter than simple diffusion? There is sufficient information available for glucose transporters to make comparison. The normal circulating concentration of glucose in humans is 5 mM, whereas the intracellular concentration is usually very low (for this problem assume the internal concentration of glucose is 0 mM). At what rate (molecules/sec) would glucose diffuse into a cell if there were no transporter? The permeability coefficient of glucose is 3 x 10-8 cm/sec. Assume a cell is a sphere with a diameter of 20 um. The rate of diffusion equals the concentration difference multiplied by the permeability coefficient and the total surface area of the cell (Surface of of sphere = 4pieR2. Rememeber to convert everything to compatible units so that the rate is molecules/sec).
A. 1.1 X 106 molecules/sec
B. 2.1 X 106 molecules/sec
C. 1.1 X 107 molecules/sec
D. 2.1 x 105 molecules/sec
E. No glucose will be transported.
When the hairless progeny are backcrossed with a parental hairy fly, what phenotypic ratio would you expect to find among their live progeny?
Explain about the cell wall and nucleoid of bacterial cell, their structure and composition in detail. Explain the functions of the sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons in the nervous system in brief.
Why are grasses (rather than, fro example, daisies or carrots) often planted for erosion control?
Describe the kind of feedback system involved in the heating system in your body using these key phrases: regulators, monitors and the coordination centre.
Moniliasis is one of the most common opportunistic diseases in AIDS. What is the etiological agent of moniliasis and what is the other name of the disease?
The UV absorption in proteins at 280 nm is largely due to tryptophan residues. The molar extinction coefficient of tryptophan is 5380 M-1cm-1. Exactly 0.25 g of a protein is dissolved in 200 milliliters of a neutral buffer.
The dominant gases for the two bodies are different, but apart from that, the two atmospheres are very similar.
Oliva is inspecting some specimens under the microscope. Which of the following could she classify as a common tissue rather than as part of an organ?
Suppose that a random co-polymer consisting of 50% A and 50% C is used as a template for protein synthesis in a cell-free system.
What are transposable elements? Explain two ways they can move and three influences they have had on genome evolution.
What approach would you use to isolate only cells that contain this new structure? What techniques could be used to characterize the structure and composition of the structure?
Describe the typical muscle spindle (gamma loop) reflex. How does this reflex help to explain rapid adjustments as seen in the Henry, 1953 study?
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