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Why can we say that the rate at which the sun gives off energy at the surface (the luminosity) must be equal to the rate at which it produces energy deep down in the core?So, measuring the luminosity of the sun is equivalent to measuring the rate at which the nuclear reactions produce energy in the core of the sun. But we think we know exactly how those reactions work: 4 H atoms -> 1 He atom + energywhere the energy is released because some of the mass of the Hydrogen atoms is converted to energy. Mass of 1 Hydrogen atom: 1.673 x 10-24 gramsMass of 1 Helium atom: 6.644 x 10-24 gramsThis nuclear reaction has an input (4 H atoms) and two outputs : 1 He atom and energy. Since the He atom has less mass than 4 H atoms, that difference in mass must have been converted to energy. If the energy is produced via E=mc2, how much energy is produced by producing one He atom from 4 H atoms? (see also the units notes at the bottom). (Hint: How much mass is converted into energy?) So, for every 4 hydrogen atoms fused, we get the amount of energy you calculated above. But we know how fast the sun has produced energy (the luminosity, according to #1), so we know how fast the hydrogen fuel in the core of the sun is being used up.If the sun gives off 3.89 x 1033 ergs every second, how many hydrogen atoms are being destroyed every second? The sun will remain a main sequence star until it runs out of hydrogen fuel in the core of the star. The core of the sun contains about 10% of the total mass of the star. Why are these reactions confined to the core? The total mass of the sun is 2x1033 gm. How long will it take until the sun has used up all the hydrogen atoms in the core (the central 10%)? That is, what is the main-sequence lifetime of the sun? Compare the lifetime of the sun to the current age. How soon will the sun running out of fuel be a problem?
A little cat, Bella, walks in a straight line, which we shall call the x axis, with positive direction to the right. As an observant scientist, you make measurements of her motion and construct a graph of the little feline's velocity as a function..
The electric field between two square metal plates is 130 N/C. The plates are 1.0 m on a side and are separated by 3.0 cm, Calculate the charge on each plate
An athlete crosses a 28 m-wide river by swimming perpendicular to the water current at a speed of 0.8 m/s relative to the water, How fast is the water in the river flowing with respect to the ground in m/s
A rock of mass 44 kg accidentally breaks loose from edge of a cliff and falls straight down. The magnitude of the air resistance that opposes its downward motion is 252 N. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the rock?
Consider the same situation, but now let the initial speed v_0 of first ball be given and treat the height h of the building as an unknown. What should the height of the building be for both balls to reach the ground at the equivalent time for v_0..
A rifle with a weight of 35 N fires a 5.0-g bullet with a speed of 250 m/s, If a 675-N man holds the rifle firmly against his shoulder, find the recoil speed of the man and rifle
Consider a 2.5 GHz `clock' signal on a circuit board that has the following properties: It is constant at +4.00 V for 0.0073 ns, What is its rms voltage?
determine the time the inhabitants of alpha station. A woman who weighs 600N at earth's surface stands on top of a very tall ladder so she is one earth radius above earth's surface. how much does she weigh.
In a chase scene, a movie stuntman is supposed to run right off flat roof of one city building and land on another roof 1.7m lower. If the gap between the buildings is 4.4m wide, how fast must he run.
Determine the position of the GPS satellite relative to and from the center of the earth and ratio of clock rates on a GPS clock in orbit and one on the surface of the earth.
What is the wavelength of the spectral line? B) Assuming this line is from a transition from level n1 = 3 to level n2 = 2 (i.e. the longest wavelength Balmer series transition), what do you calculate for the value of Rydberg constant.
A ray of sunlight hits a frozen lake at a 43.9° angle of incidence. At what angle of refraction does the ray penetrate the ice
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