Reference no: EM133872669

Question 1. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012), no single isolated cause is the source of an event but rather the event develops from a chain of causation, preceding events link to one another. John Snow believed that most of the people that died drank water from the Broad street pump. The preceding events however were that the people dumped fecal matter into the well, bacteria (vibrio cholerae) began to multiply, people would ingest this contaminated water, bacteria multiples in the gut leading to death (Harvard Online, 2017). John Snow was successful in establishing a cause because after his theory was tested, the epidemic stopped. Get online assignment help in the USA!

Question 2. The outbreak I chose to research was Salmonella caused by cucumbers grown by Bedner's Growers Inc., and distributed by Fresh Start Produce Sales Inc., affecting three Florida locations including Boynton Beach, Delray Beach, and West Palm Beach between April 29, 2025, and May 2025 (USFDA, 2025). This outbreak would be considered an epidemic because it was a sudden increase in the number of cases above what is normally expected in a given population (Florida) (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). This mode of transmission is horizontal, indirect food borne mode of transmission. According to the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (2025), investigators collected an environmental sample from Bedner Growers, Inc. that was positive for Salmonella. This sample was analyzed by the Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) and matched clinical samples from sick people infected with salmonella. This recent follow-up was in response to a 2024 Salmonella Africana and Salmonella Braenderup outbreaks linked to the same Bedner Growers (United States Food & Drug Administration, 2025). In comparison to the strategies used by John Snow, the strategies align that there was an outbreak of salmonella. 551 illnesses were recorded. Investigations showed that Salmonella Braenderup was detected in samples of canal water used at the farms that grew the cucumbers, people purchased these cucumbers and got sick.

How did John Snow use the web of causation related to cholera? Why do you believe that Snow was successful or unsuccessful in establishing a cause? Remember to cite evidence to support your position. It can be from the resources within the course.

Select a disease/outbreak to research. Discuss the level of the disease and type of transmission. As you review the selected disease/outbreak, describe the investigative strategies used, and explain how these aligned (or did not align) with strategies used by John Snow. Use one scholarly journal to support your research.