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This lab requires answering questions based on the exhibit "The Earliest Traces of Life" at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C. Consult Laboratory Exercise 10 of the General Biology Study Guide and Laboratory Manual for the address and visiting hours of the museum.Study the exhibit and answer the following questions. Answers to questions must be type written when presented to your Instructor. Please view the short movie that comes along with the exhibit.Early Atmosphere1. How abundant was oxygen in the early atmosphere?2. What evidence do scientists have that the oxygen content of our atmosphere has increased since the earth's origin?3. Why is oxygen more abundant in the atmosphere today?4. What are stromatolites?5. What do scientists think is implied by the presence of stromatolites in Precambrian rock?6. What is ozone and how is it produced?7. Why is ozone important to life today?8. What effect did increased levels of oxygen in the atmosphere have on early life forms?Banded Iron Formation (to the right of the Early Atmosphere exhibit)1. What is banded iron?2. When did these formations become common?3. What is the significance of these formations?The Oldest Rocks: Remnants of a Youthful Earth (by the mural)1. How old are the oldest rocks on Earth?2. What evidence of life do these ancient rocks contain?3. Is this evidence great enough to allow scientists to conclude that life indeed existed during this period?The Earliest Traces of Life1. When do scientists think life originated on Earth?2. What are the oldest fossils and how old are they? The Precambrian1. When did the first cells with nuclei appear?2. Fossils of multicellular animals are from what time period?3. In what era did all of these events take place?Origin of Life1. What six elements are most prevalent in living organisms?2. Were these elements present in the infant solar system?3. What circumstances may have fostered the development of chains of amino acids and nucleotides?4. What are the characteristics of the ancestors of living cells, what could they "do"?5. Why is water important to life?6. What are the "true" hallmarks of life?7. What molecular evidence do scientists have that all life is at least distantly related and has acommon ancestor?8. What conditions exist on the present day earth that make the spontaneous generation of lifeunlikely?9. What conditions are thought to have existed on primitive earth that favored the origin of life?Single-celled Life1. What are cherts?2. How old are these fossils?3. Were these prokaryotic or eukaryotic?4. What evidence for eukaryotic (and possibly multicellular) life is found in the Greyson shale?5. How old is the shale?Multi-celled Life1. Describe the Ediacaran Fauna.2. How old are these fossil?
If narrow-sense heritability in the rabbit population is 0.7, what is an expected body weight among offspring of selected rabbits. What was the amount of cash paid on accounts payable for the period of the year ended December 31.
Assume you are studying three traits in tropical fish: black and white striped pattern is completely dominant to solid color. For eye color, brown eyes are dominant to hazel eyes.
Explain an experiment to test this hypothesis. Be explicit about the methods you will use, the setting, the time that the experiment will last, and the variables you will measure.
The trees derive no known benefits from the dwarf mistletoes but appear shorter than trees not associated with dwarf mistletoe. Which is the best describes the interactions between dwarf mistletoes and trees.
A twenty-oneyear-old woman presents with a three month history of malaise, joint pain, weight loss, and sporadic fever. Her temperature is 38°C (101°F).
Describe what is occuring at each of the stages of transcription(1,2,3). How does each stage move the process forward.
A certain Drosophila protein-coding gene has one intron. If a large sample of null alleles of the gene are examined, will any of the mutant sites be expected in the
Develop two degenerate primer sequences that will amplify the entire Open reading frame of the corresponding gene in a PCR reaction.
Male songbirds sing in spring because increasing daylength at this time stimulates testosterone production which spurs growth of song control circuits in the brains of male songbirds. Choose the best level of causation addressed by this explanatio..
Recent experiments in a lab have focused on trying to understand cellular mechanisms that underlie epilepsy. Many of the studies involve recording electrical activity in neurons from brains of adult fruit flies
The binomial name of an organism consists of the names of which two classification categories. Smoking, air pollution and altitude all affect the rate of respiration. Explain the effects of each of these on respiration and Why.
Genes A, B, and C are linked on a chromosome and found in the order A-B-C. Genes A and B recombine with a frequency of 10 percent, and genes B and C recombine at a frequency of 25 percent.
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