Reference no: EM133470657
Question
1. The visual system seems to filter an image through a set of narrowly tuned "channels" which
A) have broad bandwidths.
B) are found only on the ipsi-lateral temporal lobe.
C) are the properties of single neurons in area V1 of the occipital lobe.
D) respond only to sharp edges.
2. Consider the retinal image of a specific scene.
A) The visual system assembles elementary shapes to match the image.
B) Analysis of any image by the visual system requires that the image remain static.
C) We are more sensitive to its intermediate spatial frequencies.
D) The visual system is equally sensitive to all its spatial frequencies.
3. Gestalt grouping
A) is the division of the visible spectrum into different hues.
B) describes our ability to perceive the true sizes of objects.
C) operates only for moving images.
D) is the first stage of perception in which elements of the visual image are grouped together.
4. Consider the general properties of color vision.
A) All vertebrate species have some form of color vision.
B) In daylight, color vision usefully adds a lot of detail to the view of a scene.
C) Color vision is based on a combination of rod and cone responses.
D) Human color vision is based on responses of 4 types of cone.
5. "Trichromacy" means that normal, adult color vision has three independent dimensions; these could be:
A) Sensations of hue, brightness, and saturation.
B) Spectral sensitivities of L, M, S cones.
C) Intensities of three primary lights in an additive color mix to match appearance of a specific stimulus.
D) All of the above.
6. We have multiple genes for producing L- and M-cone photopigments. The precise mix of genes expressed by humans varies both within and between individuals. Nevertheless,
A) All these humans are rigorously trichromats.
B) Frequency distributions of the precise ratio of L to M cones needed to match a standard light are very narrow.
C) Required ratios of L to M cones needed to match a standard light are not the same for males and females.
D) All the above statements are correct.
7. The precise, narrowly distributed, ratios of R- and G-appearing lights needed to match a standard in the Rayleigh anomaloscope imply that
A) numbers of L- and M-cones are essentially the same across individuals.
B) differences in proportions of M- and L-cones among individuals must be "corrected" by the visual system to ensure the great agreement in color vision across individuals.
C) the numbers of L- and M-cones within an individual are the same across most of the retina.
D) the numbers of S-, M-, and L-cones are the same for all individuals.
8. Brightness of any stimulus is affected by the contrast with areas that surround the stimulus.
But, the hue of any stimulus
A) is unaffected by the hue of the surrounding the stimulus.
B) can be changed by the hue of the stimulus that immediately precedes the test stimulus.
C) changes according to the color terms in the viewer's language.
D) is signaled by spectrally non-opponent neurons.
9. The threshold contrast for seeing a sinusoidal grating is
A) approximately the same for all spatial frequencies.
B) very low for very long and for very high spatial frequencies.
C) is lowest for intermediate spatial frequencies.
D) strongly affected by the time of day a participant was tested.
10 Assume you are measuring someone's Spatial Contrast Sensitivity function (CSF). If the contrast of the grating pattern is varied temporally by "exchanging" light and dark bars,
A) the CSF remains the same.
B) the CSF is no longer an "Inverted-U."
C) the CSF still has the shape of an "Inverted-U."
D) the CSF becomes bi-modal.