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Follicular phase of the menstrual cycle

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Reference no: EM132703647 , Length: 1949 words

Health Science 1: Analyze and discuss concepts of health, wellness, and disease utilizing knowledge of human anatomy & physiology

The menstrual cycle is complex and highly coordinated involving many organ systems. The nervous system, circulatory system, endocrine system and the reproductive system work together to ensure that hormones are released at the appropriate time and in the right amount resulting in ovulation. This system is well controlled and if any one component is out of balance, a woman may experience infertility.

One way this cycle is controlled is through negative feedback inhibition.

1. First, describe negative feedback inhibition. Be sure to include the role of the receptor, central processing and the effector. Why is maintaining homeostasis important?

2. Next, describe what happens during the Follicular Phase of the Menstrual Cycle in each of the following areas of the body. Which hormones are released and how is their release controlled? Include the roles of GnRH, LH, FSH, estrogen, progesterone.

a. hypothalamus
b. anterior pituitary
c. ovaries
d. endometrium

3. What happens during ovulation? When, on average does ovulation take place? Is this true for every woman? When and where can fertilization take place?

4. Describe what happens during the Luteal Phase of the Menstrual Cycle in each of the following areas of the body. Which hormones are released and how is their release controlled? Include the roles of GnRH, LH, FSH, estrogen, and progesterone. Include how negative inhibition controls the levels of the hormones.

a. hypothalamus
b. anterior pituitary
c. ovaries
d. Endometrium

5. What happens to the endometrium of no fertilization takes place?

6. Many women experience polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). For some women with PCOS, LH levels may be higher than normal. How may the menstrual cycle be impacted?

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In summary, the assignment discussed the menstrual cycle. Specifically, the glands and organs involved in a normal cycle; the hormones involved, where they are produced, their action and regulation; and the phases of the cycle. The most important organs involved include: the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, the ovaries and the endometrium. FSH, LH, oestrogen, progesterone, inhibin A, activin and GnRH are the most significant hormones involved in this process and they work in a coordinated manner to ensure homeostasis and normal cycle. The process occurs in a cyclic manner involving different phases with different processes taking place in each of the organs involved at various phases. The work also looked at polycystic ovarian syndrome as one of the complications that occur in a case where there is in excess of one of the hormones.

Reference no: EM132703647

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