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Explain two ways in which urine may become contaminated

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Reference no: EM13935701

1. If urine is normally sterile within the urinary bladder, explain two ways in which urine may become contaminated when obtaining a urine culture.

2. Explain three different ways in which antibodies react with antigens that they are specific to that aid in preventing colonization or infection in the host.

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Reference no: EM13935701

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