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The endosymbiont theory suggests that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from ancient bacteria that were ingested by primitive nucleated cells. Biologists have proposed that endosymbiosis led to the evolution of other cellular structures, such as flagella and peroxisomes, as well. Over hundreds of millions of years, the ingested bacteria lost features not essential for survival inside the host cell. Answer the following questionsa. Based on what you have learned about the membrane systems of organelles, for each of the membrane systems found in mitochondria (two systems) and chloroplasts (three systems), indicate whether it most likely arose from an ingested bacterium or from the nucleated host. Explain your reasoningb. Describe one structure or metabolic process that purple bacteria might have dispensed with once they became endosymbionts in a eukaryotic cell. How would loss of this feature prevent the bacteria from living outside the host?c. Describe one structure or metabolic process that cyanobacteria might have dispensed with once they became endosymbionts in a eukaryotic cell. How would loss of this feature prevent the bacteria from living outside the host?d. Peroxisomes, unlike mitochondria or chloroplasts, scarcely resemble free-living organisms. Assuming peroxisomes evolved from ingested bacteria, describe three features mitochondria retain but peroxisomes apparently lost over hundreds of millions of years. Describe one advantage peroxisomes might have conferred on ancient nucleated cells.
Place these steps of the insulin signaling pathway in the correct order from insultin is secreted to glucose enters the cell. Place all eight steps. The abbreviation PIP2 is used for phosphatidylinositol
Examine and define internal and external respiration in terms of physiology and anatomy. Please include a credible refrence for this data.
For seedless vascular plants create a homosporous and heterosporous life cycle of a plant. Also label what structures are haploid and which are diploid as well as when meiosis and fertilization occur.
In order to perform a fluorescence experiment, you need to seed a 4-well chamber slide with 60,000 cells in each well. To prepare for the cell count, you transferred twenty uL of cell suspension into thirty uL of trypan blue.
Estimate the major entryway of carbon into the food chain and what is major process that "fixes" carbon into biomass?
Fish, reptiles, and mammals are descendents of a common vertebrate ancestor that had a heart. Fish hearts have two chambers, most reptile and amphibian hearts have three chambers.
Red flowers are dominant over white flowers. The flower color gene is represented with R/r. Large leafs are dominant over small leaves. The leaf size gene is represented L/l.
Explain the background for your selection of resistance. Include details about the disease or pest and the established control strategies.
A beaker with 100 of an acetic acid buffer with a pH of 5.00 is sitting on a benchtop. The total molarity of acid and conjugate base in this buffer is 0.100. A student adds 6.60 of a 0.350 solution to the beaker. How much will the pH change? The of a..
How might the choosing of the more prevalent codon
Enzymes greatly decrease the activation energy. Describe two of the ways they do this and be specific in terms of chemical mechanisms.
Determine what cell type or tissue type would be expected to have a difference in gene expression in someone with hypthyroidism compared to a person without the disorder?
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