Discuss the type of autoimmune disorder

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Reference no: EM133477694

Assignment:

What can you say about the discussion below? Did she/he discuss well the type of autoimmune disorder? Please provide a response from how she/he discusses the fg:

Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder that leads to a generalized overactivity of the entire thyroid gland. It is triggered by a process in the body's immune system, which normally protects us from foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses. In Graves' disease the antibodies (called the thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAb) or thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) do the opposite of what they are supposed to do. They cause the cells to work overtime. The antibodies in Graves' disease bind to receptors on the surface of thyroid cells and stimulate those cells to overproduce and release thyroid hormones. This results in an overactive thyroid.

There are many different signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism that effect most systems in the body. Some examples would be racing heartbeat, hand tremors, trouble sleeping, weight loss, muscle weakness, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and heat intolerance. But the most common symptoms that are more limited to Graves disease would be eye and skin disease:

Graves' disease is the only kind of hyperthyroidism that can be associated with inflammation of the eyes, swelling of the tissues around the eyes and bulging of the eyes. Eye symptoms most often begin about six months before or after the diagnosis of Graves' disease has been made. Early signs might be red or inflamed eyes, a bulging of the eyes due to inflammation of the tissues behind the eyeball or double vision. Problems with the eyes occur much more often and are more severe in people with Graves' disease who smoke cigarettes.
Rarely, patients with Graves' disease develop a lumpy reddish thickening of the skin in front of the shins known as pretibial myxedema (called Graves' dermopathy). This skin condition is usually painless and relatively mild, but it can be painful for some. Like the eye trouble of Graves' disease, the skin problem does not necessarily begin precisely when the hyperthyroidism starts. Its severity is not related to the level of thyroid hormone.

To diagnose Graves disease your doctor will take your medical history and perform a physical exam to look for signs/symptoms. To confirm a diagnosis your doctor may order one of the following thyroid tests:

Blood test
Radioactive iodine uptake test
Thyroid scan
Doppler blood flow measurement

Upon diagnosis there are a couple of different options for treatment. Your doctor will determine which may be best for you depending on your specific situation. A couple of treatment options would be:

Medication to manage your thyroid such as beta blockers or antithyroid medications.
Radioiodine therapy
Thyroid surgery to remove part or most of the thyroid gland

Reference no: EM133477694

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