Differentiate between nephrotic and nephritic syndrome

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Reference no: EM133991043

Assignment:

An 11-year-old boy living in an isolated village was experiencing drastic weight gain, with abdominal distension, in a period of 16 days. He complained of feeling weak, lethargic, and his "belly" was bothering him. His mother noticed traces of blood in his urine. The child was taken to the nearest hospital His past medical history was significant for a recent episode of a cold and sore throat that were self- limiting conditions. Physical exam revealed generalized edema anasarca), along with swelling of the abdomen and genitalia. There was tenderness on palpation to the abdomen and genital areas. Basic blood chemistry was within normal limits. A serum antistreptolysin O antibody was positive with a significant degree of hypoalbuminemia. Urinalysis demonstrated proteinuria (2.5 gr/d) and traces of blood (hematuria), as well some hemoglobin casts in the urine (hemoglobinuria). This patient was hospitalized and placed on a tapering prednisone therapy.

What is the significance of the antistreptolysin 0 antibody finding?
Why was prednisone initiated?
What is the mechanism that leads to edema in this case?
Differentiate between nephrotic and nephritic syndrome.

Reference no: EM133991043

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