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Suppose the FCC allocates 300 kHz channels for a high quality video conference service. A service provider decides that this service requires 720 kbps (not including overhead and error control) for each channel.
Suppose that the target error rate required is 10-5. Estimate the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) required at the receiver by using the following procedure:
(i) Determine the SNR needed for BPSK from the error rate curves. It turns out that the probability of error for QPSK is the same as that for BPSK. (This is because the distance between nearest QPSK constellation points is the same as the distance between the BPSK points.)
(ii) Doubling the number of points in a PSK constellation with more than 2 points requires approximately 6 dB more transmit power to maintainthe same error rate. (That is, 8-PSK requires about 6 dB more than QPSK. This is due to the decrease in distance between nearest neighbor points.) Doubling the number of points in a QAM (rectangular) constellation requires approximately 3 dB more transmit power. (That is, 16 QAM requires approximately 6 dB more than QPSK, 32 QAM requires approximately 3 dB more than 16 QAM, and so forth.)
Baseband digital trnamission and multi level coding, A baseband digital data link transmits polar binary NRZ current pulses at a rate of 1.0 Msps. The link uses ideal RRC filters with roll off factor r = 0.5.
A selective-repeat (SR) data link layer protocol uses 4 sequence bits to number it's frames. The source, C starts from frame 0 and proceeds following the Sr protocol. Let us start analyzing the frame/ACK transmissions when the first outstanding fr..
A cellular radio transmitter has a power output of 3W at 800 MHz. It uses an antenna with a gain of 3 dBi. The receiver is 5 km away, with an antenna gain of 12 dBi. Suppose that the transmission line losses are 1 dB at the transmitter
Design the basic interface circuit (using an op amp) for a temperature sensor that covers a range of 0 degrees to 70 degrees C if the output of the sensor is 2 mV/1C and the ADC voltage range is 0 to 4 V.
Suppose that OFDM is used with 15 kHz subchannels. (Two subchannels are used as guard channels on either side of the band.) Specify an OFDM symbol rate and modulation format for each subchannel that can achieve the target rate.
Design a series resonant circuit to have a bandwidth of 400 Hz using a coil with a Ql of 20 and a resistance of 2. Find the values of L and C and the cutoff frequencies.
Design an ac-dc voltage converter based on half-wave rectification and filtering. The requirements are: 1. Choose the values of the load resistor R and the capacitor C so that the converter will have a ripple factor of 10%
Pulse Generator, Using one 555 timer, design a pulse generator that will have the following continuously variable ranges
Using the basic counter design / state machine develop a design that allow the user to push a button to act as a clock for the input to a counter. The output shall be displayed using either the discrete LEDs or the 7-segment as in the previous Lab..
Compare the by hand solution and the PSPICE simulation for a voltage amplifier which has an input resistance of 10kohms and an output resistance of 100ohms, and a gain of 100V/V. The voltage amplifier is capacitively coupled to a voltage source.
For what range of values of a is the system stable?
Three positive point charges, each with q = 3 nC, are located at the corners of a triangle in the x-y plane, with one corner at the origin, another at (2 cm, 0, 0), and the third at (0, 2 cm, 0). Find the electric field, E', at the origin.
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