Reference no: EM132429113

Wacquant, L. J., & Wilson, W. J. (1989). The cost of racial and class exclusion in the inner city. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 501(1),

Question 1: According to Wacquant and Wilson, what are the main structural shifts that explain the marginalization of black communities? [RC]

Question 2: What is Wacquant and Wilson's definition of a "process of hyperghettoization"?

Question 3: In Wacquant and Wilson's account, what is the "class structure" of ghetto neighborhoods?

Question 4: According to Wacquant and Wilson, what is the relationship between joblessness and expectations in ghetto neighborhoods?

Question 5: According to Wacquant and Wilson's data, what is the structure of social capital of residents of ghetto neighborhoods? [RC]

Massey, D. S., & Denton, N. A. (1993). American apartheid: Segregation and the making of the underclass. Cambridge: Harvard University

Question 6: According to Massey and Denton's data, what was the level black-white segregation in northern cities around 1860? [RC]

Question 7: From Massey and Denton's point of view, what were the wo developments that help explain the creation of ghettos after 1900? [RC]

Question 8: Following Massey and Denton, in which ways ethnic enclaves were different from black ghettos?

Question 9: Why do Massey and Denton suggest that ghetto acquired a "class gradient" during the 1920s and 1930s?
increasing their share of the population as one moved from the core toward the periphery of the ghetto."

Question 10: According to Massey and Denton, what was the role of the Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) in the reproduction of racial segregation during the 1930s and 1940s? [RC]