Reference no: EM133448884

Chapter 9 Plowman

1 What is the definition for pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, and internal respiration. Define the following variables and classify each as involved in pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, or internal respiration. Some may be classified in more than one way.

(A-a) PO₂diff, P_AO₂, a-VO₂diff, PaCO₂, PvCO₂, PVO₂, SaO₂%, PaO₂, V_A, V_E, V_D

2. What are the three capacities and four volumes into which total lung capacity can be divided. Which of them is most responsive during exercise?

3. Discuss the primary control of respiration and the factors that affect such control. How does this impact the ability to achieve steady state respiratory during submaximal exercise?

4. How does oxygen and carbon dioxide get transported in the circulatory system.

5. What does a normal resting oxygen dissociation curve on a graph look like? What percentage of the available oxygen is normally dissociated at rest? What changes during exercise and altitude in regarding to oxygen dissociation?

Chapter 10 Plowman

1. What are the four factors that increase oxygen dissociated during exercise? How would this impact the dissociation of oxygen and why would this be beneficial during exercise? Describe the additional factor that influences oxygen dissociation at altitude

2. Compare and contrast the pulmonary ventilation, external respiration and internal respiration responses to short-term, light to moderate submaximal exercise; long-term moderate to heavy submaximal aerobic exercise; incremental aerobic exercise to maximum and static exercise. Where it is known explain the mechanism for each response.

3. What is exercise-induced hypoxemia (EIAH) and the physiological theories that have been implicated in its occurrence. What other factor may indicate respiratory limitation to maximal exercise?

4. What is the impact of environmental pollutants on exercise training and why it would not be in your best benefit from a performance standpoint to run next to a highway.

Chapter 11 and 12

1. Why is maximal oxygen consumption considered to be a cardiovascular variable?

2. What is the most likely physiological system limiting maximal oxygen consumption? What are some lines of evidence that suggest this is the case?

3. Graph and explain the pattern of response for each of the major cardiovascular variables during short-term, light to moderate aerobic exercise. Explain the mechanisms responsible for each response

4. Graph and explain the pattern of response for which of the major cardiovascular variables during long-term, heavy aerobic exercise. Explain the mechanisms responsible for each response.

5. Graph and explain the pattern of response for each of the major cardiovascular variables during incremental aerobic exercise to maximal. Explain the mechanisms responsible for each response.

Chapter 13

1. What is the difference between central and peripheral cardiovascular adaptations?

2. Compare and contrast adaptations in cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, and blood pressure with endurance training at rest and during submaximal and maximal exercise

3. What are the changes in cardiac dimensions that result from endurance training and explain how these structural changes support improved cardiac function.