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1.Answer the following questions about data on external storage in a DBMS:
1. Why does a DBMS store data on external storage?
2. Why are I/O costs important in a DBMS?
3. What is a record id? Given a record’s id, how many I/Os are needed to fetch it into main memory?
4. What is the role of the bu?er manager in a DBMS? What is the role of the disk space manager? How do these layers interact with the ?le and access methods layer?
2.Consider a relation stored as a randomly ordered ?le for which the only index is an unclustered index on a ?eld called sal. If you want to retrieve all records with sal > 20, is using the index always the best alternative? Explain.
What problems could be caused by not having appropriate indexes and what problems could be cause by having too many indexes?
Assume that a student table in a university database has an index on StudentID (the primary key). and additional indexes on Major, Age, Marital status, and HomeZipCode.
imagine that you have been hired as the database administrator for a local department store. the department store has
Sketch an E-R diagram which reflects the above reuirements. Write a set of relational schemas and identify primary and foreign keys. Try not to include redundant schemas.
Utilise an include statement to refer to connection.php instead of the long version of the database connection code so that you can keep the database more secure. See Notes for more details.
List the entity classes and attributes that would be necessary for this information system.
What advantage is there in storing metadata in tables? Is Microsoft Access a DBMS? Why or why not? List the several consequences of a poorly designed database.
You are a vice president of marketing for a nation-wide appliance manufacturer with three production plants. Explain different ways you would tend to analyze your sales. What are the business dimensions for your analysis?
These following questions require to you to create entities and their relationship using the Crow's Foot notation suitably.
Create an XML file that describes 3 product elements; each product has three sub-elements: id, name, and description.
Prepare an ER diagram for the database described below(using crows foot notation). Be sure to identify all required entities, attributes, and relationships (including cardinalities). State any assumptions you make, and indicate a primary key for e..
metropolis toys is an independent family-owned manufacturer of wooden toys. the toys are designed by members of the
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