Report Generation:

Generation of information products like reports and other documents forms the next phase of transaction processing cycle. Documents that are generated by the transaction processing systems are known as transaction documents. They can be divided into three categories:
Information documents

Information documents serve as confirmation or proof to their recipients that certain transactions have occurred. Sales order confirmations, customer invoices, etc. are examples of information documents.

Action documents

Action documents are documents that cause the recipients to initiate some action. These documents authorize the recipients to carry out a particular process or take some action. For instance, a purchase order prepared by the stores or manufacturing department of an organization can be called an action document. When the purchase department receives this order, it has to make the required amount of purchases of raw materials from the suppliers.

Turnaround documents

Turnaround documents are output documents generated by a computer, which become input documents again when additional data is entered into them. These documents are designed first to initiate some action and then are returned for further processing so as to complete the transaction. Examples of such documents are the optically readable documents that are included in the customer billings with the request that they can be returned with the payment. For example, the meter-reading card given by the electricity department is a turnaround document. This card is first issued by the electricity department with the customer details. The new reading is entered on the document when the meter is inspected by a person belonging to the department. This card is again given to the electricity billing department for the purpose of calculation of the electricity bill.

Several types of reports are also produced by transaction processing systems that are designed to document and monitor the results of business transactions occurring in a specific time period. Such reports can provide an audit trail for transaction control purposes. Examples of such reports are control listings and edit reports.

Control listings

Also known as transaction logs, control listings are detailed reports that provide details of each transaction occurring during a particular period. For example, a payroll register lists every paycheck printed on a specific pay day.

Edit reports

Edit reports provide details of errors that have been detected during processing. Missing data, invalid account numbers, etc. are presented in edit reports.

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