Galvanometer: It is an instrument used to detect small current passing through it by showing deflection. Galvanometers are of different types e.g. moving coil galvanometer, moving magnet galvanometer, hot wire galvanometer. In dc circuit usually moving coil galvanometer are used.
It's symbol 
; where G is the total internal resistance of the galvanometer
Full scale deflection current: The current required for full scale deflection in a galvanometer is called full scale deflection in a galvanometer is called full scale deflection current and is represented by ig.
Shunt: The low resistance interconnected in parallel to galvanometer coil; in order to control current flowing through the galvanometer is known as shunt.
Merits and demerits of shunt
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Merits of shunt
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Demerits of shunt
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To save the galvanometer coil from burning
It can be used to convert any galvanometer into ammeter of desired range.
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Shunt resistance decreases the sensitivity of galvanometer.
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