Topic: Leadership in work place
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Introduction:
Organizations have specific goals and objectives. These defined goals and objectives get through management activities and efforts. Here management represent bunch of leader or leader by which they achieve these defined goals and objectives. Leaders plays very important role in Planning, Organizing, Leading and controlling functions of management. Leaders play numbers of roles to achieve the firm’s goal in the workplace. Come up with new innovative ideas and strategies to create positive and cooperative environment in the workplace. Many research papers, articles proved that work culture and Leadership style has interdependent and also affect successful of the organizations. Many authors quoted “All managers should not be leaders but all leaders should be managers” which self defined the weight age, importance and relation of the Leadership with various factors available in work place. Leadership’s SKA (Skill, Ability and Knowledge) Lead the organization and affect the broadly within Workplace and Organizational Goal. Many Researcher and Authors through their research and contents justify it and having different opinion on Leadership in work place. Ten research and articles
1) A white paper on Empathy in the Workplace (A tool of effective Leadership) by William A. Gentry, Ph.D., Todd J. Weber, Ph.D., Golnaz sadri, Ph.D. paper based on society of industrial organizational psychology conference, New York, April 2007. Centre for creative leadership. A white paper on Empathy in the Workplace (A tool of effective Leadership) this paper describe about Empathy is a construct that is fundamental of the Leadership and Empathy is more than simply sympathy which create positive working environment. Researcher also included many theories to justify that transformational leader needs empathy to show the care and needs for followers to achieve goal. Empathy positively related to job performance and empathy also matter in some culture. In conclusion this research paper clearly defines that relationship among Empathy, leadership, performance and work culture.
2) Research paper on Workplace Spirituality and Leadership Effectiveness Among Educational Managers in Malaysia by Abdul Ghani Kanesan Abdullah School of Educational Studies: Universiti Sains Malaysi, Naser Jamil Alzaidiyeen School of Educational Studies: Universiti Sains Malaysia, Intsar Turki Aldarabah Al-Balqa Applied Univeristy “European Journal of Social Sciences – Volume 10, Number 2 (2009)” This research paper proved that if a school principal played the role of the leader effectively and efficiently as a key element in the spirituality performance connection, understood the causes and consequences of different emotions at Work, and expressed empathy through a number of different non-verbal channels like body movements, motivated others by creating a shared vision or combinations of them, the departmental performance would improve (Elmes & Smith, 2001). This is because the spiritual leader possesses and exhibits the values, attitudes, and behaviours that enable organizational members to experience a sense of calling in that their work life has meaning and makes a difference. Thus, the spiritual leader can unintentionally create a hostile work environment when only the leader’s form of inner life expression is accepted and “non-believers” (i.e., those proffering a different form) feel marginalized. The spiritual leader’s enabling of a worker’s inner life has to be undertaken in a work culture based on a norm of individual and collective tolerance and freedom.
3) Research papers “Workplace behaviour: Evaluating the culture and leadership characteristics of the Gilbert Fire Department” by James K. Jobusch, Jr., PP- 01-30 , By the research paper focus on characteristics of leadership in Gilbert Fire Department and culture which is changing due to leadership characteristics. In the research paper focus on two factors 1) Leadership characteristics of leaders in the department and 2) impact on the work culture.
4) Research paper on “Two approaches to workplace spirituality facilitation: a comparison and implication” by Badarinath Sankar Pawar India institute of Management Kozhikode, India. “European Journal of Social Sciences – Universiti Sains Malaysi, Naser Jamil Alzaidiyeen School of Educational Studies: Universiti Sains Malaysia, Intsar Turki Aldarabah Al-Balqa Applied Univeristy – PP- 304-316 Volume 10, Number 2 (2009)”In this research paper researcher discussed about the approaches which related with the available facilities in the work culture and on the other hand the paper also represent the concept of implication and comparison between two scenario before implication and after implication.
5) Research paper on “Leadership and work culture” by Boumediene Belkouche and khaled Hamdan, UAE University, AL Ain, UAE - {b.belkhouche, PP- 01-18,. This paper also provides information and key points which related with leadership skills and affect the work culture. By the help of many books and others researches which has done on the same topic the researcher used as secondary sources to define the leadership and work culture concept and relation between it.
6) Article on “The Importance of Leadership in the workplace” by Christy Eichelberger on October 04 2010, 02:24 PM, PP-01. This article represents the skills of the leadership and their value in the work place. Article also talked about how leadership skill develops by practices and experiences. There many factors described which defined the importance of leader and affect of the leadership skill on the work place.
7) Article on “Leadership in Higher Education: Influences on Perception of Black Women” by Guest Author Dr. Suzanne D. Jones June -2003, 2004, 2005. Although many research articles have addressed leadership in the workplace, few studies have examined Black female leaders in higher education. Mainly focus on the education part of the leader and relevance of it on the work place. On other hand also discussed about comparison study between male and female leaders.
8) [Sar06] Sarros, C., Cooper, K. and Hartican, M. (2006) “Leadership and Character”,
Leadership and Organization, Development Journal, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 27,
pp. 682-699. This paper cover many things leadership and their character, role in the organization in term of development and other issues which affect by the leadership skills and abilities.
9) Article paper on “approaches to leadership work most effectively in highly diverse groups”. Written in 2007; 2,320 words; 9 sources;
This paper focused and based on diversity exists in the organization and discussed about the men and woman, their expectation from the organization. Many women are more focus on promotions only as per their qualification. Paper also presents the framework about communication difference between men and women. The paper studies on workplace diversity, issues on conflicts through workforce diversity and strategy used for innovation change time to time as per requirement. Also represent the American work culture and work place.
10) Research Paper on “Learning to lead: Evaluating Leadership and Organizational leaning” by Meredith A Atwood and Jordan W.Mora Walden Consulting LLC, and Abram W. Kaplan Walden Consulting LLC, Granville, Ohio, USA and McPhail Centre for Environmental Studies, Denison University, Granville, Ohio, USA,PP-578-595 , Volume:31 No.5,2010
The aim of paper is to evaluate the leadership diffusion in federal agency in the context of organizational learning and culture change. The result shows that the behaviour of the work culture means workers and subgroups indirectly increased the leadership behaviours.
The purpose of this annotated bibliography is to find and study the leadership (styles, Attitude) in Workplace. Here, I discuss two things Leadership which describe the Leader’s quality, ability, skill and knowledge and workplace where they work. This annotated bibliography represents the overall importance, advantage and disadvantage of the Leadership in workplace.
Full reference
Workplace Spirituality and Leadership Effectiveness Among Educational Managers in Malaysia by Abdul Ghani Kanesan Abdullah School of Educational Studies: Universiti Sains Malaysi, Naser Jamil Alzaidiyeen School of Educational Studies: Universiti Sains Malaysia, Intsar Turki Aldarabah Al-Balqa Applied Univeristy “European Journal of Social Sciences – Volume 10, Number 2 (2009)”
Type of Article Research Article
Aim/purpose
This research focused on enhancing the skills of leadership and also the school managers who face the ever-changing environment. Evaluation of manager’s leadership effectiveness and leadership practices.
Methodology
Total of 1510 teachers across the states of Northern Peninsular Malaysia, Penang, Kedah, Perlis, and Northern Perak who participated in this study ad research.
Respondents are participation of ten teachers from each school in evaluation of manager’s leadership effectiveness and leadership practices.
1510 teachers.
Three main focus area:
1. workplace spirituality
2. Leadership development
3. Leadership effectiveness
Data collection: Three sets of questionnaires have used to collect the data from the respondents during research.
Data analysis: Three sets of questionnaires have used to collect the data from the respondents during research.
Spirituality at work place has five components.
1.community
2.meaning at work
3.inner life
4.work unit community
5.work unit and meaningful work
It was answered by school teachers about those 35 items at work places as well as scores on each of the mentioned five components.
Measure:
Leadership effectiveness: dependant variable
Workplace spirituality: independent variable
Manager’s Leadership practices: Mediating variable
The author’s hypothesis that:
Ha 1: Workplace spirituality correlates positively with leadership effectiveness.
Ha 1a: Workplace spirituality correlates positively with teachers’ satisfaction and Commitment.
Ha1b: Workplace spirituality correlates positively with school performance.
Ha 2: Workplace spirituality correlates positively with effective leadership practices.
Ha 3: Leadership practices correlate positively with leadership effectiveness.
Ha 3a: Leadership practices correlate positively with teachers’ satisfaction and
Commitment.
Ha 3b: Leadership practices correlate positively with school performance.
Findings
Effective leadership practices could explain significant variance in teachers’ satisfaction and commitment as well as departmental performance. It should be noted that leadership practices could explain a higher percentage of variance in teachers’ satisfaction and commitment as compared to departmental performance.
The findings proved that if a school principal played the role of the leader effectively and efficiently as a key element in the spirituality performance connection, understood the causes and consequences of different emotions at
Work, and expressed empathy through a number of different non-verbal channels like body movements, motivated others by creating a shared vision or combinations of them, the departmental performance would improve (Elmes & Smith, 2001). This is because the spiritual leader possesses and exhibits the values, attitudes, and behaviours that enable organizational members to experience a sense of calling in that their work life has meaning and makes a difference. Thus, the spiritual leader can unintentionally create a hostile work environment when only the leader’s form of inner life expression is accepted and “non-believers” (i.e., those proffering a different form) feel marginalized. The spiritual leader’s enabling of a worker’s inner life has to be undertaken in a work culture based on a norm of individual and collective tolerance and freedom.
H1: A Department performance is not that good and it is a big conflict in the leadership effectiveness as compare to teacher’s satisfaction and commitment.
Significance
First, Vaill (2000) views spirituality as having to do with human kind’s search for meaning, and argues that the search for meaning has often led individuals to seek significance in their work. Second, spirituality was defined by Giacalone and Jurkiewicz (2003) as a framework of organizational values evidenced in the culture that promotes employees’ experience of transcendence through the work process, facilitating their sense of being connected to others in a way that provides feelings of completeness and joy (p.13). European Journal of Social Sciences – Volume 10, Number 2 (2009)
306
According to Schmitt and Allshied (1991), the definitions of spirituality fall into three categories: (1) Personal inner experience; (2) Values; and (3) Outer behaviours. MacDonald (2000)
conducted a factor analysis of 20 psychological measures of spirituality and concluded that there were
five dimensions to spirituality: (1) Beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions; (2) Transcendental experiences;
(3) Sense of meaning for existence; (4) Belief in the paranormal; (5) Religious behaviour and practice.
An important definitional issue is the difference between spirituality and religiosity.
Strengths
Good fit does not guarantee better employee or work performance. “People thrive in community and function best when they share praise, comfort, happiness, and humour with people they like and respect. This kind of social support reaffirms a person’s membership in a group with a shared sense of values”
Weaknesses
Departmental performance is very bad and pathetic which is a weak indicator of the leadership effectiveness
Full reference
A white paper on Empathy in the Workplace (A tool of effective Leadership) by William A. Gentry, Ph.D., Todd J. Weber , Ph.D., Golnaz sadri , Ph.D. paper based on society of industrial organizational psychology conference, New York ,April 2007. Centre for creative leadership.
Type of Article Research Article
Aim/purpose
The main aim is:
Traditional strategies for management development recruitment to create successful leaders who are capable of moving the company forward. The work culture and cross cultural issues were the main focus and key areas of this research.
Methodology
Used Primary and secondary sources to collect data and make research strong. Data collection: Data were collected from 6731 managers from 38 different countries from their work place.
The level of the managers were divided on the basis of their position and level:
First level, Middle level, upper middle level, executive level and top level.
Demographic profile:
74% of the respondents were male and 26% of the respondents were female.
Age group: 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64
Findings
The findings of this study are:
Empathy is very much related to performance of the job. It is positively related with the job performance.
Empathy is very much important for the job performance in some culture as compare to others.
For a successful leader, is empathy needed or required?
In some culture, does empathy requires or it influences that culture in some form or other?
Significance
They support the leaders and enhance their empathy skills. The main significance of this research is:
Traditional strategies for management development recruitment to create successful leaders who are capable of moving the company forward. The work culture and cross cultural issues were the main focus and key areas of this research.
Strengths
Research supports the selected topic, including many book reviews and reference as a secondary source and structured questionnaires used for data collection from respondents as a primary source made research strong and successful as well as authentic and real.
Weaknesses
The researcher presumed that the empathetic leaders are assets to the organization which describe / indicate about the biased part of the researcher and other weaknesses are time and the selection of the respondents as per the convenience.
Posted by Andrew | Posted Date: 7/12/2011 10:28:37 PM
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