Capacitance:

ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS CAN OPPOSE ALTERNATING CURRENT IN THREE DIFFERENT WAYS, TWO OF which you have learned about already.

Resistance slows down the rate of transfer of charge carriers by brute force. In this process, some of the energy is converted invariably from electrical form to heat. Resistance is said to the consume power for this reason. Resistance is present in direct current as well as in ac circuits, and works the same way for direct or alternating current.

Inductance impedes the flow of alternating current charge carriers by temporarily storing the energy as a magnetic field. But this energy is returned later.

Capacitance, about which you will learn in this topic, impedes the flow of alternating current charge carriers by temporarily storing the energy as an electric field. This energy is returned later, just as it is in an inductance. Capacitance is not important in pure-dc circuits. It can have significance in the circuits where direct current is pulsating, and not steady. Capacitance, like inductance, can appear when it is not intended. As with the inductance, this effect tends to become more evident as the alternating current frequency increases.

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