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Using %TYPEThe %TYPE attribute gives the datatype of a variable or the database column. In the example below, the %TYPE gives the datatype of a variable:credit REAL(7,2);debit credit%TYPE;The Variables declared using %TYPE is treated such as those declared using a datatype specifier. For example, given the earlier declarations, the PL/SQL treats debit such as REAL (7, 2) variable. The later example shows that a %TYPE declaration can involve an initialization clause:balance NUMBER(7,2);minimum_balance balance%TYPE := 10.00;The %TYPE attribute is mainly useful when declaring a variable which refer to a database columns. You can reference a table & column, or you can reference an owner, column, table, and as inmy_dname scott.dept.dname%TYPE;Using the %TYPE to declare my_dname has two merits. Firstly, you do not require knowing the exact datatype of dname. Secondly, when the database definition of the dname changes, the datatype of my_dname change accordingly at the run time.
Existential Quantification - SQL Existential quantification-stating that something is true of at least one object under consideration-can be expressed by OR(r,c), meaning tha
Table Comparison - SQL The following definitions for relation comparisons: Let r1 and r2 be relations having the same heading. Then: r1 ⊆ r2 is true if every tuple of r1
Package STANDARD The package named STANDARD defines the PL/SQL atmosphere. The package specification globally declares the exceptions, types, and subprograms that are available
Projection and Existential Quantification - SQL Intuitively it might seem that projection in SQL is simply a matter of specifying the required columns in the SELECT clause, a
GOTO Statement The GOTO statement branches to a label unconditionally. The label must be exclusive within its scope and should precede an executable statement or a PL/SQL block.
Semijoin and Composition - SQL For semijoin, the dyadic relational operator MATCHING, defined thus: r1 MATCHING r2, where r1 and r2 are relations such that r1 JOIN r2 is de
a. Write an anonymous block that contains a PL/SQL function. Given an order number orderNo, the function will calculate the total number of the parts in the order. Then the anonym
Using Cursor Attributes: Every cursor has 4 attributes: %NOTFOUND, %FOUND, %ISOPEN, and %ROWCOUNT. If appended to the cursor name, they return the helpful information about
Updating a Variable Assignment of an attribute value in a variable of a structured type Synatx: SET SN.C = 'S2'; As in Example the entire statement is equivalent to a
Find the account numbers of all customers whose balance is more than 10,000 $
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