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Using %TYPEThe %TYPE attribute gives the datatype of a variable or the database column. In the example below, the %TYPE gives the datatype of a variable:credit REAL(7,2);debit credit%TYPE;The Variables declared using %TYPE is treated such as those declared using a datatype specifier. For example, given the earlier declarations, the PL/SQL treats debit such as REAL (7, 2) variable. The later example shows that a %TYPE declaration can involve an initialization clause:balance NUMBER(7,2);minimum_balance balance%TYPE := 10.00;The %TYPE attribute is mainly useful when declaring a variable which refer to a database columns. You can reference a table & column, or you can reference an owner, column, table, and as inmy_dname scott.dept.dname%TYPE;Using the %TYPE to declare my_dname has two merits. Firstly, you do not require knowing the exact datatype of dname. Secondly, when the database definition of the dname changes, the datatype of my_dname change accordingly at the run time.
Problem: (a) Define the following terms: (i) data mining. (ii) OLAP. (b) Differentiate between snowflake schema and star schema. Support your answer with appropriate
Table Comparison - SQL The following definitions for relation comparisons: Let r1 and r2 be relations having the same heading. Then: r1 ⊆ r2 is true if every tuple of r1
IF Statement The IF statement executes a series of statement conditionally. Whether the series is executed or not depends on the value of the Boolean expression. Syntax:
Avoiding Collection Exceptions In many cases, if you reference a nonexistent collection element, then PL/SQL raises a predefined exception. Consider the illustration shown b
Write a stored procedure that accepts the post code in which the customer resides as the input parameter. The procedure should then use an explicit cursor to display comprehensive
Committing and Rolling Back The COMMIT and ROLLBACK end the active autonomous transaction but do not exit the autonomous routine. As the figure shows, if one transaction ends,
INSERT Statement The INSERT statement adds fresh rows of data to the specified database table or view. Syntax:
In Packages The Forward declarations also group logically related subprograms in the package. The subprogram specifications go in the package specification, & the subprogram b
Parameter Modes: You do not require to specify a parameter mode for the input bind arguments (those used, for illustration, in the WHERE clause) as the mode defaults to IN. Th
Literature review
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