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Using %TYPEThe %TYPE attribute gives the datatype of a variable or the database column. In the example below, the %TYPE gives the datatype of a variable:credit REAL(7,2);debit credit%TYPE;The Variables declared using %TYPE is treated such as those declared using a datatype specifier. For example, given the earlier declarations, the PL/SQL treats debit such as REAL (7, 2) variable. The later example shows that a %TYPE declaration can involve an initialization clause:balance NUMBER(7,2);minimum_balance balance%TYPE := 10.00;The %TYPE attribute is mainly useful when declaring a variable which refer to a database columns. You can reference a table & column, or you can reference an owner, column, table, and as inmy_dname scott.dept.dname%TYPE;Using the %TYPE to declare my_dname has two merits. Firstly, you do not require knowing the exact datatype of dname. Secondly, when the database definition of the dname changes, the datatype of my_dname change accordingly at the run time.
Creating a Table Syantax: CREATE TABLE ENROLMENT (StudentId SID, Name VARCHAR (30) NOT NULL, CourseId CID, PRIMARY KEY (StudentId, CourseId)) ; Explan
Use Object Types and Collections The Collection types and object types increase your efficiency by allowing for the realistic data modeling. The Complex real-world entities an
Create a Oracle procedure to produce vertical output format when selecting rows from a database table.
Keyword and Parameter Description: label_name: This is an undeclared identifier which optionally labels the PL/SQL block. When used, label_name should be enclosed by the do
SQL Pseudocolumns The PL/SQL recognizes the following SQL pseudocolumns, that returns the specific data items: LEVEL, NEXTVAL, CURRVAL, ROWID, & ROWNUM. The Pseudocolumns are n
How Calls Are Resolved? The figure shows that how the PL/SQL compiler resolves the subprogram calls. When the compiler encounters the procedure or function call, it tries to di
Data Types and Representations This explains the concept possible representation, abbreviated possrep, and explains how these can be used in conjunction with constraints to de
LOB Types The large object (LOB) datatypes like BFILE, BLOB, CLOB, and NCLOB store the blocks of unstructured data (like graphic images, text, video clips, and sound waveforms)
(a) What are decision support systems, and what role do they play in the business environment? (b) Data warehousing is defined as "a subject-oriented, integrated, non-volatile c
SQL Functions The PL/SQL uses all the SQL functions involving the following aggregate functions that summarize the whole columns of the Oracle data: GROUPING, AVG, COUNT, STDDE
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