Types of games, Managerial Accounting

Assignment Help:

Types of games

Four basic ways in which competitive situations (or games) can be classified are:

(a) Number of Competitors:

In game theory a competitor is characterized as a distinct set of interests and is usually referred to as a person.  Competitors could be individuals, group of individuals, corporation, and an army etc. The smallest no. of competitors is 2 and the situation is referred to as a two-person game. If there are more than two competitors, the resulting many-person competitive situation is called and N-person game.

(b) Nature of the payoff:

Games are also classified with respect to the nature of the payoff, that is, what happens at the end of the game. The distinction in this respect is between zero-sum games and non zero-sum games. If the sum of the payoffs to all players of a game is zero, counting winnings as positive and losses as negative, then, the game is zero-sum otherwise it is non zero sum.  Zero-sum games are strictly competitive games. In a non-zero sum game, the interests of competitors may best be served if they corporate with each other.

c) The amount of information the competitors have:

There are three basic aspects of the game about which the players need some information in order to play

(i) Who their competitors are
(ii) What their competitors can do
(iii) How the outcome of the game will be affected by the actions taken by participants.

Games in which each participant knows the payoff for winning, knows who the competitors are, and knows all the moves the competitors make as soon as they make them are referred to as games with perfect information. Games lacking full information on what competitors can do or on what the outcome of the game will be in certain situations are said to be games with incomplete information. Games with complete but imperfect information may also exist.

d) Strategies:

In game theory a strategy for a particular player is a plan which specifies his action for every possible action of his opponent. It is a complete plan for playing the game in every possible eventuality. Games can be categorized according to the number of strategies available to each player. If player 1 has M possible strategies and player 2 has N possible strategies, then the game is M x N. If the greatest no. of strategies available to any player is finite, then the game is finite and if at least one player has an infinite no. of available strategies, then the game is infinite.


Related Discussions:- Types of games

What are the categories of zero base budgeting, Categories of zero base bud...

Categories of zero base budgeting The preceding discussion will reveal that zero base budgeting is based primarily on: 1) Development of decision units 2) Identification

Determine cost pool and cost drivers, Determine Cost pool and Cost drivers ...

Determine Cost pool and Cost drivers Cost pool: it is another name given to a cost centre and,  therefore an activity cost centre may also be termed as an activity cost pool.

Applications of markov chains, Applications of Markov Chains They are a...

Applications of Markov Chains They are a particular class of probabilistic models and their applications include analysis of: Inventory systems Replacement and mainten

Linear programming, Linear Programming     This section introduces the ge...

Linear Programming     This section introduces the general method called the simplex algorithm, which is designed to solve any linear program. The information that can be secured

Eoq mathematical model, EOQ mathematical model As costs of ordering and...

EOQ mathematical model As costs of ordering and holding stock are equal at the EOQ point, we can build a simple mathematical model to solve the problem, as follows: (Q/ 2) X

What are the stages in the performance budgeting, Stages in the performance...

Stages in the performance budgeting The stages in the performance budgeting is enumerated as follows: 1) Establishment of goals objectives and policies: data collection revi

Show process of pricing under decline stage, Q. Show process of Pricing und...

Q. Show process of Pricing under decline stage? In this stage the producer should follow the pricing strategy which may fetch revenue not less than its cost of production. If h

Stating dependent variable-cost estimating relationship, State (or select) ...

State (or select) the dependent variable (Y) Will the CER be employed to estimate price, labor hours, cost, material cost, or some other measure of cost? Will the CER be employ

Illustrate the marginal cost pricing, Marginal cost or incremental cost pri...

Marginal cost or incremental cost pricing method: Here the company may work on the premise of recovering its marginal cost and getting a contribution towards its overheads. Thi

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd