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Signals in Noise:
Let us now consider a weak information signal that is to be amplified by a noisy amplifier. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), usually expressed in decibels, becomes an important system performance measure. It is given by
where the amplified signal power is Pout = GPin in the numerator, which includes source and amplifier noise given by Equation; Pin is the average power of the input signal; and the denominator Nout is the total output noise power given by Equation. Notice that the amplifier's power gainG does not appear in the final result of the SNR. Alarge SNR indicates that the signal is strong enough to mask the noise and possibly make the noise inconsequential. For example, with SNR ≥ 20 dB, intelligible voice communication results; otherwise, "static" in the voice signal; with SNR ≥ 50 dB, noisefree television image results; otherwise, "snowy" TV picture. For a good system performance, Equation suggests a large value of Pin and/or small values for T + Ta and B. However, one should be reminded here that the amplifier's bandwidth B should not be less than the signal bandwidth W. That simply means that with large-bandwidth signals, one would expect noise to be more troublesome.
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a) A 230 V/25V, 50 HZ transformer with a rated primary current of 1,2 Amps is used to supply a number of 25 V, 30 Watt halogen light bulbs. Assuming an ideal transformer and tha
What is the size of ports in 8255? Port-A : 8-bits Port-CU : 4-bits Port-B : 8-bits Port-CL : 4-bits
outline what three features you would add (choose the three that you feel would be most advantageous) to the 16 bit version of the processor in order to enhance its power.
Q. A separately excited dc generator with an armature-circuit resistance Ra is operating at a terminal voltage Vt, while delivering an armature current Ia, and has a constant loss
Nodal analysis procedure: 1. Verify the number of common nodes and reference node within the network. 2. Assign current and its direction to every distinct branch of the n
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