Programming a 64-bit processor, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

You are to write a C program called big_mult.c that multiplies two unsigned 64-bit integers, x and y, read from the command line. The output is a pair of unsigned 64-bit integers representing the most significant and least significant 64 bits of the full 128-bit product x * y. The inputs and outputs are to be given in hexadecimal format. Your C program will take care of reading the inputs and printing the output, but it will call a function mulq.s to do the actual multiplication. Your C program should use only unsigned long long int variables and should not do any arithmetic. To reduce the length of our type declarations, I put the following lines into hw3.h.
typedef unsigned long long int ulli;
typedef long long int lli;

This allows us to abbreviate unsigned long long int with the shorter name ulli and long long int with lli.

The function defined by mulq.s should have the following declaration in C before the function main.
void mulq(ulli x, ulli y, ulli *high, ulli *low);

The least significant 64 bits of the product are to be assigned to low, and the most significant 64 bits of the product are to be assigned to high. Remember to put an appropriate header comment into your assembly file (the ordinary C comment /* ... */ will work for assembly too). You will also need to read carefully the description of the mulq instruction in the Intel 64/IA32 instruction set reference manual, Intel 64/IA32 instruction set reference manual, or equivalent documentation. Learning to read this two-volume 800+ page document is part of your learning experience on this assignment.

One way to approach writing this assembly program is to write a similar program in C, compile it to assembly code using the -S option, and modify the resulting assembly code to do what you need. Your final assembly code should be very short and should contain only one multiplication instruction mulq.
The compile command to test your programs will look like this:
gcc64 -Wall -std=gnu99 -o big_mult big_mult.c mulq.s .

Here are 32- and 64-bit sample outputs to use in testing your programs.
C:>big_mult 2f432f43 629b03cb
2f432f43 x 629b03cb = 12345678 87654321

C:>big_mult 99d0c486a0fad481 76a185cea6f497c7
99d0c486a0fad481 x 76a185cea6f497c7 = 4747474747474747 4747474747474747
.
Remember that arguments are passed differently in the 64-bit architecture than in the 32-bit architecture. The registers used for parameter passing in Windows are different from those described in the textbook for Unix. Windows passes only the first four parameters in registers. The registers used by Unix are %rdi, %rsi, %rdx, %rcx, %r8, %r9 in that order. The registers used by Windows are %rcx, %rdx, %r8, %r9 . See Class10.pdf for details on register usage.


Related Discussions:- Programming a 64-bit processor

Break keys, Like a normal read, your input should break on the new line cha...

Like a normal read, your input should break on the new line character "\n"   and also on the up and down arrow keys. You will process the input made by the user when he/she enters

Search-based tools in parallel computers, The search-based tools initially ...

The search-based tools initially recognize problem and afterwards suitably give advice on how to correct it.  AT Expert from Cray Research is one of the tools being employed for

What are the external storage systems, External storage systems A numb...

External storage systems A number of different types of external memory devices are available now. Some of these are considered below (hard drives haven't been mentioned as th

Classification according to part of instruction and data, Classification ac...

Classification according to part of instruction and data: According to the parts of instruction and data, following parts are identified under this classification: Scal

Determine a positive logic system logic state level, In a positive logic sy...

In a positive logic system, logic state 1 corresponds to ? Ans. For positive digital logic, we choose two voltages levels. Higher voltage shows logic 1 and a lower voltage sho

Computer graphics, raster scan and random display technology

raster scan and random display technology

Explain public key encryption, Public Key Encryption A cryptographic sy...

Public Key Encryption A cryptographic system that uses two-keys-a public  key known to everyone and a private or secret key known only to the recipient of the message. An si

What is a binary tree, What is a binary tree? A binary tree 'T' is desc...

What is a binary tree? A binary tree 'T' is described as A finite set of elements, known as nodes, such that: either (i) or (ii) happens: (i) T is empty (known as the 'nu

What are assemblies, What are Assemblies? Assemblies are same to dll f...

What are Assemblies? Assemblies are same to dll files. Both have the reusable pieces of code in the shape of classes/ functions. Dll needs to be registered but assemblies have

Find minimum number of resource so that no deadlock arise, An operating sys...

An operating system contains 3 user processes each requiring 2 units of resource R. The minimum number of units of R such that no deadlocks will ever arise is? Ans. The minimum

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd