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The dynamic memory allocator is a layer between the application and the OS, managing heap objects. When a program requests memory from the allocator (via malloc(), for instance), the allocator will return a pointer (or reference) to a piece of memory of the appropriate size. When the program is done with the memory, the memory should be released back to the allocator. Languages such as C and C++ leave this job to the programmer to perform manually, for example by using free(). On the other hand, languages such as Java, python, etc automatically manage dynamically-allocated memory, which makes the programmer's life easier, and can eliminate entire classes of memory management bugs.
Although using free() and delete is relatively simple, it can be tricky to get them right. A signi?cant fraction of bugs in C and C++ programs are related to manual memory management. If we forget to free objects, we end up with memory leaks; if we free memory too soon, we end up with "dangling pointers"; also, we can try to do weird things, like performing double frees, etc. Therefore, a process that manages memory automatically is clearly useful. The most important concept for correctly implementing a garbage collector is that of live objects: a live object is any object that can still be reached through one (or more) pointers.
Q. Presume that we agree that 1 kilobyte is 1,024 bytes 1 megabyte is 1,0242 bytes and 1 gigabyte is 1,0243 bytes. This progression carries on through terabytes, petabytes, and ex
Q. Is the Internet a LAN or else a WAN? Answer: The Internet is a WAN as the a variety of computers are located at geographically different places and are connected by long-dis
Process termination A process terminates when it finishes implementing its final statement and asks the operating system to delete it by using the exit system call. At that tim
Explain the Alphabet and String A finite set of symbols is known as alphabet. An alphabet is frequently denoted by sigma, yet can be given any name. B = {0, 1} says B is an
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What are the requirements for solution of critical section problems? Mutual exclusion : If process p is implementing in its critical section then no other processes can be exe
Developing Code with Threads Writing code to support a thread-based implementation is very straightforward. Simple APIs are presented to the developer for each threads package.
What is the basic approach of page replacement? If no frame is free is available, find one that is not presently being used and free it. A frame can be freed by writing its con
Transferring files from Windows to Unix Be very careful transferring files from Windows to Unix. If you do transfer a file from Windows to Unix open the file, in Unix, using vi
Determine a scheduling policy that is most suitable for a time-shared operating system Round-Robin is a scheduling policy that is most suitable for a time-shared operating s
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