Explain the effect of a dielectric on the behaviour of a capacitor.

If two parallel plates are separated by a distance 'd' (meters) in vacuum and are kept at a potential difference V volts, that plates will become charged positively and negatively along with a charge Q₀ and a uniform electric field along with intensity E = V/d will be created among the plates. The magnitude of the charge accumulated on every plate is proportional to the potential difference that is Q₀ α V or Q₀ = C₀V, here C₀ is defined as the capacitance. Because V = Ed, the capacitance of the system is specified by C₀ =∈₀ A/d, here ∈₀ is the absolute permittivity of free space and A is the area of cross section of that plates. When the space between the plates is filled along with a dielectric and V is remeinaed constant, this is found that the value of the charge is raised to a value specified by Q = CV. The new capacitance is specified by C =∈ A / d and here ∈ is the absolute permittivity of the dielectric and the ratio ∈_r = C / C₀ =∈ / ∈₀ is termed as the relative permittivity or dielectric constant of the material. The dielectric constant varies from 1 to 10 for solid substances. This is greater than 10 for liquids and 1 for vacuum. This varies not only from substance to substance, although with the physical state of any exact substance.