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Q. Explain state-variable techniques?
The matrix formulations associated with state-variable techniques have largely replaced the block-diagram formulations. Computer software for solving a great variety of state-equation formulations is available on most computer systems today. However, in the state-variable for- mulation, much of the physical reality of any system is lost, including the relationships between system response and system parameters.
With the development and widespread use of digital (discrete) control systems and the advent of relatively inexpensive digital computers, time-response methods have become more necessary and available. These may be divided into two broad methodologies:
1. The actual simulation or modeling of the system differential equations by either analog or digital computers.
2. The state-variable formulation of the system state equations and their solution by a digital computer. State-variable methods offer probably the most general approach to system analysis and are useful in the solution of both linear and nonlinear system equations.
factors used to classify inductors
Prepaid Meters Prepaid metering is a system whereby consumers purchase electricity by a smart card. The amount paid together along with other information is encoded in the sma
Requirements of equalizer connection
why very high resistance wire is used is field windind and low resistance wire is used in armature winding in DC shunt machine?
The operating frequency range of a superheterodyne FMreceiver is 88-108MHz. The IF and LO frequencies are so chosen that f IF LO .Ifthe image frequency f c must fall outside of
Q. The power gain of an antenna is 10,000. If its input power is 1 kW, calculate the maximum radiation intensity that it can generate.
I`m a 3rd year electrical engineering student studying in Canada, and there is a new course they added in my university for 3rd year students called Engineering Project. from the
In this case, the armature is connected in series with the field coils. Thus I a = I f = I NB. At starting, the back emf is zero (because the m
Factors of Contributing to Losses in Service Cables 1. Tapping of underground service cables: The service cables must be visible so that tapping of cables can be detected. U
TRANSISTOR CONFIGURATIONS: Transistor circuits may be categorized into three configurations based on which terminal is common to both of the input and output of circuit. Th
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