Discuss briefly subscriber loop system.
Subscriber Loop System: Every subscriber in a telephone network is connected usually to the nearest switching office using a dedicated pair of wires. Subscriber loop refers to such pair of wires. It is widely to run physically independent pairs from every subscriber premises to the exchange. This is far easier to lay cables containing a number of pairs of wires for various geographical locations and run individual pairs as needed by the subscriber premises.
MDF = main distribution frame; MF = main feeder; FP = feeder point; BF = branch feeder; DW = drop wires; DP = distribution point; DC = distribution cable
FIG - Cable Hierarchy For Subscriber Loops.
Usually four levels of cabling are used as demonstrated in figure. At the subscriber end, the drop wires are acquired to the distribution point. These drop wires are the single pairs which run in the subscriber premises. On the distribution point, the drop wires are linked to wire pairs in the distribution cables. Several distribution cables from nearby geographical locations are terminated on a feeder point; here they are connected to branch feeder cables that are linked to the main feeder cable, in turn. This main feeder cables carry a larger number of wire pairs, classically 100-2000, than the distribution cables that carry usually 10-500 pairs. The feeder cables are finished on a main distribution frame (MDF) at the exchange. The subscriber cable pairs emanating by the exchange are also terminated at the main distribution frame.