Question:

(a) Considering the Three Era model, differentiate between data processing (DP), management information systems (MIS) and strategic information systems (SIS).

(b) "Large enterprise-wide systems, such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) and customer relationship management (CRM) applications, are being implemented by organizations to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their operations".

Explain the difference between "efficiency" and "effectiveness".

(c) Some of the core constituents of a business strategy are:
i) Mission
ii) Vision
iii) Goals
iv) Objectives
Briefly explain these terms.

(d) IS strategies can be developed with regard to two viewpoints; impact and alignment. Explain how this can be achieved.