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Q. Describe Program Control Instructions?
These instructions specify conditions for altering the sequence of program execution or we can say in other words that the content of PC (program counter) register. PC points to memory location which holds the subsequent instruction to be executed. The alteration in value of PC as a result of execution of control instruction such as BRANCH or JUMP causes a break in sequential execution of instructions. The most common control instructions are as following:
JUMP and BRANCH may be unconditional or conditional. JUMP is an unconditional branch used to implement simple loops. JNE jump not equal is conditional branch instruction. The conditional branch instructions like BRP X and BRN X causes a branch to memory location X if the result of most recent operation is positive or negative correspondingly. If the condition is true PC is loaded with branch address X and next instruction is taken from X otherwise PC is not changed and the subsequent instruction is taken from location pointed by PC. Figure below displays an unconditional branch instruction and a conditional branch instruction if content of AC is zero.
MBR←0; Assign 0 to MBR register
X←2001; Assume X to be an address location 2001
READ X; Read a value from memory location 2001 into AC
BRZ 1007; Branch to location 1007 if AC is zero (Conditional branch on zero)
ADD MBR; add the content of MBR to AC and store result to AC
TRAS MBR; Transfer the contents of AC to MBR
INC X; Increment X to point to next location
JUMP 1001;Loop back for further processing.
Reprography In order to disseminate information widely some method of reprography is invariably used. Reprography is the science and practice of copying documents by photograph
Classify computer systems according to capacity. How they are different from computers according to the classification of technology. Provide comparative study also
Q. Input output in assembly program? Software interrupt is a call to an Interrupt servicing program situated in the operating system. Generally the input-output routine in 8086
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Internal Organization of memory chip: Word line & bit lines 16x8 organization : 16 words of 8 bits per Form of an array
minimum self program
Write a program to mask bits D3D2D1D0 and to set bits D5D4 and to invert bits D7D6 of the AX register.
Analyse the future of Operating Systems with reference to Virtualisation.words accepted#
What is virtual memory? Method that automatically move program and datablocks into the physical main memory when they are needed for execution are known as virtual memory.
a. Define parsing? Give difference among top down parsing and bottom up parsing. b. Determine the self-relocating programs? Why self-relocating programs are less efficient then
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