Computer processing, Basic Computer Science

Assignment Help:

Computer Processing:

Most of the earliest computer memories have been based on physical elements which can exist in just one of the two states (on or off): such an element corresponds to one bit of information. Binary symbols are used because electronic devices can store and process them rapidly and cheaply. The physical devices used have been changed greatly,, but the principles of information representation mid manipulation within digital computers have remained essentially the same. The size of a computer can be described by the number of bits (binary digits) which its memory contains, but for most purposes larger units of storage are used to characterise machines. Generally, these are denoted by a byte which normally consists of 8 bits, and is sufficient to represent one character, and a word which can be of length -8, 16, 32 bits, is the smallest unit of storage to which most of the computer's instructions can be applied. Memories are usually described as being of a size measured in Kilobytes (K bytes) or Megabytes (M bytes). The sets or patterns of bits which make up bytes and words are used to represent all information within a computer, whether it is program instructions or data items.

The exact method of representation will vary from one machine to another, particularly with respect to instructions formats. An 8 bit byte can accommodate 256 different bit patterns and so it is sufficient to allow for most of the characters which could be required to be printed, e.g., upper and lower case letters A-Z, together with the numbers 0-9 and also a range of punctuation symbols, with allowance for non-printing characters such as end-of-line. The set of bit patterns corresponding to a set of characters is called a character code. Standard codes are ASCII  and EBCDIC. Numbers are normally represented by one or more computer words. Incase of integers, the set of 8,16, or 32 bits (as per the computer's word length) is treated as a binary integer (i.e., encoded in the notation of binary arithmetic). A real number is represented by dividing a computer word into two components: a simple decimal number (i.e., the mantissa portion) together with the power to which it must be raised (i.e., the exponent).  


Related Discussions:- Computer processing

Integers, what is the size of a void integer and what is it''s range

what is the size of a void integer and what is it''s range

What isit, what can you do and what and how who can becbgbfbvuidfgvbkjfdhvb...

what can you do and what and how who can becbgbfbvuidfgvbkjfdhvb98dshrnfjkbhqdbnfiubnfdjbhdfiubndfubhfdbhfdiubhdfuibhyfdubhdfbhfbhdf8u

CAI, EXPLAIN CAI? AND ITS PITFALLS

EXPLAIN CAI? AND ITS PITFALLS

What are the different types of props, Question 1 Explain the importance o...

Question 1 Explain the importance of edge loops and anatomical body functions in animation Question 2 What are the three sets of curves for the hair system? Questio

Digital design system, Manipulate the following Boolean expression in such ...

Manipulate the following Boolean expression in such a way so that it can be implemented using exclusive-OR and AND gates only. AB''CD'' + A ''BCD'' + AB''C''D + A''BC''D

Data autonomous transmission, DATA AUTONOMOUS TRANSMISSION: This could ...

DATA AUTONOMOUS TRANSMISSION: This could be the possible replacement for the ARINC 429 standard and will be annotated the standard - ARINC 629. In the DATAC system, the contro

Probability, 2. Mike sells on the average 15 newspapers per week (Monday – ...

2. Mike sells on the average 15 newspapers per week (Monday – Friday). Find the probability that 2.1 In a given week he will sell all the newspapers [7] 2.2 In a given day he w

Java programming, Write a program that lets the user play the game Rock, Pa...

Write a program that lets the user play the game Rock, Paper, Scissors against the computer. The program should work as follows: ? When the program begins, the results of the prev

Explain Process States and Process Control Block (PCB), Process States Thr...

Process States Throughout the lifespan of a process, its execution position may be in one of four states: (linked with each state is generally a queue on which the process resides)

Use photoshop to create the images, Use the skills that you have learned in...

Use the skills that you have learned in Photoshop to create the following images that could be used in your upcoming web project. All images should be cohesive and complement each

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd