Abstraction hierarchy of mechanisms

Given  the light-sensitive the motor and resistor,  we could  find  several  ways  of interconnecting them, using bits of ceramic and metal of different types, or creating some kind of mechanical or magnetic linkages.

One of the most  important point  that  engineers do, when  interact  with  a set of design problems, is to standardize on a basis  set  of elements to use  to create  their  machine.  There  are  various reasons for standardizing on a basis  set of elements, mostly  having to do with  efficiency  of manufacturing and of understanding.  It is very important, as a designer, to create a repertoire of standard bits and pieces of designs that you understand well and can put together in several ways to create  more  complex  machines. If you use the same type set of elements as other  designers, you  can  learn  important valuable methods from  them,  rather than  having to reinvent the  method yourself. And other people will be able to readily understand and change your  designs.

We can often create a design job easier by limiting the space of possible  designs, and by standardizing on:

• a basis part of primitive components;
• ways of colliding the primitive elements to create more complex systems;
• ways of abstracting or packaging pieces of a design so they may be reused and
• ways of collecting common patterns of abstraction

Very complicated design solutions may become  tractable using  as like  a primitive-combination­ abstraction-pattern (PCAP) function. In this  class, we will calculate and  learn  to use a variety of PCAP strategies common in EE and CS, and will even methods some of our own, for special program.  In the rest of this parts, we may hint at some of the PCAP machine we will be creating in much  larger depth throughout the class. Diagram defines  one view of this process, as a successive set of restrictions of the design space of method.

One  very  important thing  about  abstract models is that  once  we  have  fixed  the  abstraction, it will generally be possible  to design it using  a variety of different underlying types.  So, as given in diagram, we may create general-purpose computers out of a variety of different types  of machines, including digital  circuits and general-purpose computers. And systems satisfying the digital  circuit  abstraction may be created from analog  circuits,  but also from  water or gears or light.

Let's illustrate  the abstraction hierarchy given diagram in some more information, moving up abstraction levels while operating common patterns.

Figure:  Increasingly constrained systems.

Figure: A single abstraction may have a variety of different underlying implementations.