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The endosymbiont theory suggests that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from ancient bacteria that were ingested by primitive nucleated cells. Biologists have proposed that endosymbiosis led to the evolution of other cellular structures, such as flagella and peroxisomes, as well. Over hundreds of millions of years, the ingested bacteria lost features not essential for survival inside the host cell. Answer the following questionsa. Based on what you have learned about the membrane systems of organelles, for each of the membrane systems found in mitochondria (two systems) and chloroplasts (three systems), indicate whether it most likely arose from an ingested bacterium or from the nucleated host. Explain your reasoningb. Describe one structure or metabolic process that purple bacteria might have dispensed with once they became endosymbionts in a eukaryotic cell. How would loss of this feature prevent the bacteria from living outside the host?c. Describe one structure or metabolic process that cyanobacteria might have dispensed with once they became endosymbionts in a eukaryotic cell. How would loss of this feature prevent the bacteria from living outside the host?d. Peroxisomes, unlike mitochondria or chloroplasts, scarcely resemble free-living organisms. Assuming peroxisomes evolved from ingested bacteria, describe three features mitochondria retain but peroxisomes apparently lost over hundreds of millions of years. Describe one advantage peroxisomes might have conferred on ancient nucleated cells.
Determine how much in mL of .5 M NaOH total can you add to the solution in question 4 and still have a good buffer also Extimate the pH of a 0.05 M solution of TRIS acid (pKa=8.3)?
Purine biosynthesis is allowed to take place in the presence of [N15]aspartate, and the newly synthesized GTP and ATP are isolated. What positions are labeled in the two nucleotides.
What would be the effect on blood pressure and phsiological basis of a blow to the head that damages the vasomotor center.
define What are the ketone bodies?why they accumulate conditions of carbohydrate starvation.
It is commonly reported that up to 50 percent of a cell’s energy budget is spent on protein synthesis. How do you suppose such a measurement might be made?
Soil stabilization is the permanent physical and chemical alteration of soils to enhance their physical properties. Stabilization can increase the shear strength of a soil and control the shrink-swell properties.
Describe the structure and function of receptors involved in taste and olfaction. Describe how and why each of the following situations would affect someone's perception of flavor.
What is the probability that his son would develop
Genistein and staurosporin are potent kinase inhibitors. Are genistein ans staurosporin more likely to have an effect in the signal cascade of G-prrotein related or enzyme linked (RTK) receptors.
Determine how much 1.0 M NaOH must be added to a 100 ml of 10 mM H3PO4 to raise the pH of the solution to 7.0?
The DNA sequence of a codon in a gene was changed from AAT to AAC. This type of mutation is known a(n) as.
Determine which of the following are features of allosteric inhibition? During the infection, there are many different environments that P. multocida will encounter.
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