An Executive Information System (EIS) is a computerized information system which is designed to meet the informational requirements of the top executives of the organization. These information systems provide internal as well as external information that are significantly important for making decisions in order to meet the strategic objectives of the organization. Figure shows the development and operations of an EIS.
EIS combines the various features of the MIS and DSS. It can be considered as a logical extension or form of decision support systems. Unlike DSS, Executive Information Systems are designed to draw inferences based on examples or make decisions based on predetermined logic or business rules. They were initially developed to serve the information requirements of the top management. These systems were aimed at supporting managerial learning about the organization, its work process, and the impact of external environment. Information is mostly presented in graphical or diagrammatic form so that a user can understand it quickly. The format of presentation of information may also be predetermined so that reporting is standardized across the organization. The drill down facility offered by these systems is useful when a manager wants to access details of previous analyses. EIS also helps the management focus the management's attention on critical issues or business problems.
EIS is being widely used in areas like crisis management, strategic planning, employee relations, internal monitoring and external monitoring of resources and events, and decision making at the executive level. It is used for providing simplified information to executives and aids in decision making. For instance, most of the business organizations subscribe to the stock exchanges and other institutions to have access to stock market related data. Data provided by these institutions is complex and quite detailed. EIS can be used to generate reports which are simple and user-friendly. These systems take in only the information which is appropriate and then translate that information into a simpler and more user-friendly form which will aid executives in easy understanding and quick decision making.
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