Criteria of purity of organic compounds : The purity of an organic compound can be ascertained by determining its some physical constants like m.p., b.p., defined gravity, refractive index and viscosity. In usual practice, sharp m.p. (in case of solids) and boiling point (in case of liquids) are used as criteria for purity because their determination is feasible in the laboratory. A pure organic solid has a definite and sharp melting point, while an impure element has a lower and indefinite melting point.
Mixed melting point : The melting point of two thoroughly mixed substances is called mixed melting point. This can also be used for ascertaining the purity of a compound .
The substance, whose purity is to be tested, is mixed with a pure sample of the same compound. The melting point of the mixture is determined. If the melting point of the mixture is sharp and comes out to be the same as that of pure compound, it is sure that the compound under test is pure. On the other hand, if the melting point of the mixture is less than the melting point of the pure compound, the compound in question is not pure.
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