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A neuron in a mouse's brain (neuron A) continuously generates action potentials (APs) at a constant rate of 50 action potential per second (50 Hertz (Hz)). Neuron A receives presynaptic input from three other neurons, B, C, and D. Neuron B's axon tip forms a synapse on neuron A's axon near A's cell body. When neuron B is active, its action potentials transmit EPSPs (excitatory post-synaptic potentials) to neuron A at a rate of 500Hz. When B is active, neuron A increases its AP-firing rate from 50Hz to 100Hz. Neuron C forms a synapse on A very close to neuron B's synapse and, when C is active (and B is inactive), A receives EPSPs at a rate of 50Hz but the rate at which A generates APs remains unchanged by neuron C, it stays at 50Hz. Neuron D's synapse on A is located on one of A's dendrites. When neuron D is active it causes neuron A to receive EPSPs at 500 Hz but the output of neuron A does not change, it stays at 50Hz. The EPSPs in each of the three situations are the same magnitude, 5 millivolts (5mV). Explain how neurons B, C, and D affect neuron A differently.
Mexican hairless dogs are heterozygous, carrying a single copy of the dominant lethal allele. In a given population, the Hh genotypic frequency is 60 percent and the frequency of each homozygote is 20 percent.
Populations evolve for many reasons. Assume there is a population of plants that have either purple flowers or white flowers, and allele for purple flowers is dominant.
Assume ou have overexpressed p16INK4a in ESCs and you detect increased phosphorylation of RB. The cell cycle in those cells is inhibited with cells accumulating in S-phase. Is this possible?
A geneticist determines that long hair length in mink is dominant over short hair (recessive).define how his geneticist friend should advise.
Sickle cell anemia is a disease of red blood cells in which the genetic mutation in DNA leads to a mutation in hemoglobin. A single base vary alters the DNA sequence CTC to CAC which codes for the wrong amino acid. What amino acid is coded for throug..
What are the consequences of having pyrimidine dimers in DNA.
How do these duplications arise and what do they propose in terms of mechanisms of transposition. Could you help to understand FEV1/FVC and how the expected percentage of this figure relates to respiratory problems.
how is the base sequence of messenger RNA translated into protien?
Mimulus lewisii and Mimulus cardinalis are two plants that occupy the same habitat but do not interbreed in nature. Though, they can be readily crossed in the laboratory to produce fertile offspring. Which is a likely reason that prevents interbreedi..
Prader-Willi syndrome is caused by the deletion of the paternal copy of a small section of human chromosome fifteen. In normal individuals, only the paternal copies of the genes in this section of chromosome fifteen are expressed;
A couple has 4 children. Neither the father nor the mother is bald; one of the two sons is bald, but neither of the daughters is bald. If one of the daughters marries a non bald man and they have a son, what is the possibility that the son will becom..
The global community is plagued by increasing incidence of lung cancer, colorectal cancer, breast and pancreatic cancers, prostate cancer, leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, liver, ovarian and esophageal cancers.
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