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Vancomycinis an antibiotic that has become critical for controlling penicillin-resistant bacteria. This large glycopeptide (molecularwt. = 1449) binds to cellwall precursors and interferes with peptidoglycansynthesis.The polymyxinsare a group of antibiotics that are particularly effective as atopical antibiotic against skin infections. These largepolypeptides (molecular wt. = 1202) can disrupt some bacterialmembranesby binding preferentially tolipid Amolecules. In the experiments below, different prokaryoticcells were grown in broth cultures in the presence orabsence of anantibiotic (either vancomycin or polymixin). After 1 hour, cellswere rinsed, and the percent of bacteria that survived wasdetermined.Graph Awas... Bacillus E.Coli Methanoge n(archaea)With Antibiotic----- 80%CellSurvival 20%CellSurvive 90%Cell SurviveWithout Antibiotic--- 100% CellSurvive 100%CellSurvive 100%Cell SurviveGraph B was... Bacillus E.Coli Methanoge n(archaea)With Antibiotic----- 30% CellSurvival 80%CellSurvive 100%Cell SurviveWithout Antibiotic--- 100% CellSurvive 100%CellSurvive 100%Cell SurviveQUESTION IS:Using the dataabove, predict which experiment (A or B) was done using vancomycin andwhich experiment was doneusing polymyxin, and explain yourrationale.NOTE: Bacillushas a Gram (+) type envelope; E.coli has a Gram (-) type envelopeandMethanobacteriumisan Archaea. (Hint: think about cell envelopestructure).
Two substances in the glass beaker chemically react, and the glass beaker becomes too hot to touch, if the two substances are defined as the system, what constitutes the surroundings.
Assume A broth contains bacterial cells at a concentration on 10^5 cells per milliliter. You dilute this broth through removing 1ml and adding it to 9ml.
Imagine a population in which an autosomal recessive disease mutation has an allele frequency of 0.04 (q = 0.04).
The integrity of the plasma membrane is essential for cellular survival. Could the immune system utilize this fact to destroy foreign cells that have invaded the body?What physical and metabolic constraints limit the cell size.
What essential criteria must be met in order to execute a successful mapping cross.
Describe the relationship between thyroid hormone receptor and sleep-wake cycle, Please list all the sources you used to answer the question (description of the pathway)
Which is considered to be a process by which electrons are generally added to biomolecules, catabolism or anabolism?
what type of organisms have genes for restriction enzymes? and what is the substrate for a restriction enzyme?
Our neurons are like our other cells: they have a nucleus, organelles such as mitochondria, and specialized functions.
Explain how the resistant trait evolved based on principles of natural selection and evolution of a trait at the population level.
Why is the blood brain barrier considered both good and bad?
Living diatoms contain brownish plastids. If global warming causes blooms of diatoms in the surface waters of Earth's oceans, how might this be harmful to the animals that build coral reefs?
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