"The deducing data entails more on scientific research and developing a theory from anexisting one. The literature review of this study has a clear theoretical position that wasdeveloped earlier to the data collection of the researcher. 5.5 RESEARCH METHODQualitative method is a form of data collection technique that involves the generation and useof non-numerical data such as interviews, focus groups and direct observations (Saunders etal., 2012).Quantitative method is a form of technique for data collection that involves the generationand use of numerical data such as graphs and statistics (Saunders et al., 2012). He alsoposited that some qualitative data can also be analysed quantitatively or for subsequentquestionnaire design.Hence to achieve the goals of this research study and access the results to which it can beachieved, the researcher will adopt a mixed method, using both qualitative and quantitativemethods as part of this study to achieve the research objectives. Triangulation also shares theconcept of using various research methods. However, Bryman and Bell (2011) noted that theuse of single methods weaknesses and intrinsic biases are surpassed by triangulation throughincreasing the strengths of the employed methods.5.6 RESEARCH STRATEGYA case study is a strategy for carrying out a research; it involves observational examination ofa particular existing phenomenon within its connection that utilizes lots of evidence (Robson,2002:178). The aim of the researcher is to determine how effective the CSR practices of amajor oil and gas corporation in Nigeria can address social issues in the Niger Delta region. The use of different or combination of methods are involved in the case study strategy so asto have a mix data regarding a specific phenomenon. The case study research involves bothquantitative and qualitative data, which gives the research a mix of data. Using this strategywill permit a study of the private sector organisations in the oil industry of Nigeria. Theresearcher will therefore source data from books, articles, webpages and websites (Chevronwebsites) to acquire a credible and reliable conclusion.5.7 DATA COLLECTION METHODPrimary data are data or information collected for the purpose of a study. Data are collectedthrough interviews, surveys and direct observations. In carrying out a primary research, theresearcher will experience some limitations in getting permission or access to theorganisations, ethical issues along the process and time constraints.Secondary data are raw data and published summaries that have been obtained previouslyalready for other purposes (Saunders et al., 2012). He further added that secondary data caneither be both non-numeric (qualitative) and numeric (quantitative) data. It could besummarized responses to previously conducted questionnaires or interviews and raw data arefurther analysed.This research study is secondary in nature as data and information are collected fromCoventry University peer reviewed journals. The materials that would be gotten fromCoventry University locate include: Emerald management, science direct, academic searchcomplete and business source complete, Wiley online library etc. local Nigerian newspapersand Chevron websites will also be used in this research work. 5.8 VALIDITY AND RELIABILITYSaunders et al. (2009) states that validity is concerned with obtaining the results that meetsthe basic requirement of a research technique. Hence, valid and credible conclusions can bederived from credible qualitative and quantitative data from credible journals and websites.Reliability is concerned with the consistency of findings of information collection techniquesand analytical procedures if repeated on different occasion (Saunders et al., 2012). Thisresearch study data sourced, measures and consistency will remain the same.5.9 LIMITATION OF THE STUDYThe research study has experienced some limitations; the secondary data has someadvantages but as well as disadvantages, some of its advantages are unforeseen discoveries,low cost, unobtrusive and provide contextual and comparative data. Bryman and Bell (2007)identifies limitations as complexity of data, lack of major variables that may not be of theresearcher?s interest, lack of data quality control and data familiarity.The researcher carried out careful considerations in verifying the credibility of the datacollected before it was used for analysis and so making use of data of main interest to theresearch.The researcher faced some emotional challenges as he was bereaved due to the demise of hisgrandmother and so caused some setbacks in the research. 5.10 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONSSince the collection of data and analysis is secondary data, hence obtained from articles,journals, books and websites. This research study is therefore of low risks and the Coventryuniversity ethics form with reference P44429 has been completed and approved for thisdissertation. 6 CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS6.1 INTRODUCTIONThis chapter discusses the key conception that is related to the research questions. Fromidentification of CSR practices in the Niger Delta to Chevron?s CSR practices. How CSRpractices is relevant in Nigeria will also be looked at. This chapter also investigated the typeof CSR activities that should be adopted by Chevron limited. The researcher structured thisdiscussion on the basis of the order of the research objectives.6.2 IDENTIFICATION OF CSR PRACTICES IN THE NIGER DELTA BYPRIVATE ORGANISATIONS6.2.1 NIGER DELTA REGIONThe Niger Delta area is situated in the southern part of the country and is made up of nine oil- producing states of Nigeria?s 36 states which are Abia, Bayelsa, Akwa Ibom, Delta, CrossRivers, Imo, Rivers, Ondo, Edo states. Today its population is estimated over 31 millionindividuals, of which 70% live in extreme poverty (Oyo, 2012). The region?s area mass byNDDC (2004) is 70,000 square kilometres which is made up of rivers and creeks, it holds7.5% of the country?s total land mass and has over 40 different ethnic groups.Figure 6 The map of Nigeria showing the Niger Delta states (Idemudia, 2007) "