"and financial supports. He further said more emphasis is faced on construction of schools,hospitals, jetties and bridges while less attention is given to donation of drugs, provision ofportable water and electricity, and financial supports. According to the interview conductedby Alabi (2012), 46.55 percent of respondents in Rivers state stated that Chevron?scommunity development exercise is fairly satisfactory, 38.0 percent of respondents in Ondostate believe the same while large group in Delta state which accounted for 79 percentbelieved that the CSR efforts of Chevron are not satisfactory. In his findings, it is necessary for Chevron to re-evaluate its CSR activities in all the oil richcommunities especially in Delta state that majority of people believed that Chevron?s effortsare not satisfactory. The reason for the lack of satisfaction may be connected with the highexpectation of these oil rich communities from the oil companies in return for the degradationof their environment in the past years. According to Moe and Lunde (2004) oil companies are more concerned with more importantissues than the community in which they operate and because of that, they pay less attentionto them. Odenigbo (2008) believes that the income generated from the extraction of oil is notplucked back to restore the oil community?s environment. Another problem of Chevron?sCSR is that the relevance to the oil communities. Alabi (2012) reports that 69.3 percent of therespondents in Rivers state believe Chevron?s CSR activities are averagely relevant. 93.3percent of respondents in Delta state believe that the efforts of Chevron?s CSR are notrelevant to their needs and in Ondo state, 25.8 percent believe their CSR efforts are notrelevant. These findings by Alabi (2012) could be as a result of Chevron?s not criticallydetermining the needs of these oil rich communities before implementing them especially inDelta state.Figure 8 Levels of Chevron’s CSR effort Source: Chevron CSR activities in Niger Delta region (Alabi, 2012)So Chevron Nigeria Limited?s claim that they are giving back to these communities isundeniable, the company just need to investigate what the needs of the communities arebefore embarking on further projects.6.3.2 HOW THE GOVERNMENT CAN TACKLE THE SOCIAL ISSUESIt is obvious that the corporate organisations in the oil rich communities have not done theirsocial responsibility to the oil communities that they operate. However, much focus has beenplaced on the corporate organisations, while the Nigerian government has relinquished itsresponsibility to the people of Niger Delta (the oil producing regions). It is the government that is responsible for the welfare of its citizens traditionally. Thisresponsibility includes ensuring law and order, provision of security, provision of publicinfrastructures, and other basic amenities. Regarding development of resources, all of thedifferent UN Declarations, such as the Permanent Sovereignty Principle over Natural Resources, require that government should use these resources for the benefit of its people.While corporate organisations have a social responsibility to the communities they operate in,the framework in which this is to work effectively must be provided by the government. Against this believe, as in different soft law environmental instruments, for example Principle11 of the Rio Declaration and chapter 8 of Agenda 21, it is the responsibility of the state tomake sure that enough enforcement and regulatory framework exists that ensures thatcorporate organisations carry out their activities in an environmentally responsible way andwhen they did not comply, that the laws are enforced. In this view, the government of Nigeriahas failed in its social responsibility to its people. There is still no complete law regulatingthe impacts of environment of the oil sector, and provisions in the different petroleumindustry and laws on environment are weak and sometimes in violence. The enforcement oflaws has not proven any better, as they are not equipped to carry out their responsibilities.The government of Nigeria has been promising since 1999 to prosecute corporateorganisations for violations of environmental laws. About eight years after, there is still notone criminal prosecution even with the very visible pollution incidents. Also, two draft onlaws of environment which include the Response, Compensation, and Liability forEnvironmental Damage (RECLED) Act, and the Nigerian Environmental Management Act -are yet to come out. When these communities react, it is the state that should be the protectorof its people which is the main aggressor that violates human rights in the oil richcommunities. In addition, looking at the social aspects of government?s CSR duty, it is theNigerian government?s fault that makes corporate organisations to be in carrying outphilanthropic activities, because there is no procedure that provides for how these corporateorganisations should carry out this responsibility, nor any guidelines to engage withcommunities in oil development projects. In addition, it is the government?s fault in using oil revenuesdeveloping the Niger Delta thathas made corporate organisations step into the role of the main provider of basic amenities. As stated in the Rivers State Government, according to Emeseh (2009) Report of the JudicialCommission Inquiry into the Umuechem Disturbances, corporate organisations do not oweany legal obligation to the community to provide social infrastructures, but it was their dutyto ensure necessary compensation for acquired lands, perform their activities in anenvironmentally responsible way, and to createnecessaryantidote in case of damage arisingfrom pollution of environment.6.4 IMPACT OF PRIVATE SECTOR ORGANISATIONS IN ADDRESSINGSOCIAL ISSUES IN THE NIGER DELTA REGIONIn order to avert the conflicting relationship that is existing between oil rich communities andthe oil corporate organisations, the petroleum corporations started different projects aimed tomitigate the sufferings of the citizens who have been negatively affected by their operationsand also to provide an enabling environment for business continuation. It is because of thisthat they construct classrooms, health centres, education, encourage and give vocationallearning, boreholes, giving of scholarships to students from the oil rich communities andproviding some level of employment opportunities also focused on. As Aderemi (2011) stated “Recently, it?s fast becoming an apology medium for transientabuse of CSR and protection of the environment in the rush for profit maximization. Such ahighly popularised philanthropic and charitable venture as he mentioned it has not been ableto satisfy the public abuses that have been drained, neglected, unemployed, marginalised,starved, and bastardized environmentally (Yomere, 2007).Ejumudo (2010) believes that CSR is in cycle with the principles of justice that thrives toachieve a balance between access to costs or burden of environment (unemployment, "