"• In the introduction, I argued that… • This argument is illustrated by exploring the conceptof …. • Some researchers have argued… others contendthat… • As Porter (1999) argued… • In this section, I’ll situate my argument in theliterature on.. • This shows.. • This implies that… • According to XYZ(2010), the theory of ABC …and thefindings from these previous studies seem to suggestthat ….based on these findings, I would argue that… Dr Nataliya Shiraz 2016/17 5? Making assertions without substantiating it ? Making a descriptive list of publications you’veread ? Making a literature review which is irrelevant toyour study ? Poor structure/writing style/grammar You should: Synthesize and critically evaluate what you’ve read Structure your literature review thematically Support your claims/assertions with references (toavoid plagiarism) 6 Dr Nataliya Shiraz 2016/17A few to mention (see lecture & seminar notes 1 and 2): • News • Literature review (contradictions and niche) • Workplace or personal experience • Social & technical developments and social trends • Challenging an existing theory or finding • Empirical examples that produced unexpected cases or events • New methods & theories (how will they be applied in a newsetting?) – e.g. “Japanising work practices” • Replication of a study– e.g. in a different context, country, environment, etc. • Structures and functions– e.g. organisational structures- different types and implications of thedifferencesSource: e.g. Bryman and Bell (2014)7 Dr Nataliya Shiraz 2016/17• Clarity • Researchable (doable) i.e. can be “operationalised” in aresearch design and data about it can be collected• Connects to established theory and research – helps with showing how you will contribute to body of knowledge or area of study • Not too broad or too specific (unfeasible study vs.insignificant contribution) • Multiple research questions should be related to supportyour argument Note: You should use journal articles to see what questions inthe literature real researchers are using (see lecture & seminarnotes of week 1 and 2) 8 Dr Nataliya Shiraz 2016/17"