"List of Charts3 Chart 1:Life expectancy at birth over years*1. Chart 2: Age distribution of population in India over decades*2. 3.Chart 3: Percentage share of Elderly in total population by place ofresidence*Chart 4: Decadal growth of elderly population*4. Chart 5: Increase in proportion of older population in Asia, 1950-2050*5. 6.Chart 6: percentage distribution of elderly persons by literacy*Chart 7: percent of literates among elderly*7. Chart 8: Percentage of 60 & above in India working in population census8. 2001 & NSSO (2007-08)*Chart 9: old age dependency rate in India, 1961 -2001*9. Chart 10: old age dependency ratio in major states of India*10. Chart 11: Percent of elderly with different types of living arrangements*11. 12.Chart 12: percent of elderly in various age groups by marital status*Chart 13 (a) & (b) Age13. Chart 14 (a) & (b) Marital status14. 15.Chart 15 (a) & (b) Educational statusChart 16 (a) & (b) living arrangement16. 3* Following charts were taken from Situation Analysis Of the Elderly in India, June 2011,CentralStatistics, Central Statistics Office, Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation, Governmentof India12 17.Chart 17 (a) & (b) livelihoodChart 18 (a) & (b) ownership of assets18. Chart 19 (a) & (b) victims of abuse19. 20.Chart 20 (a) & (b) Forms of elder abuse experiencedChart 21 (a) & (b) duration of abuse21. Chart 22 (a) & (b) abuser22. 23.Chart 23 (a) & (b) causes of elderly abuseChart 24 (a) & (b)Reporting24. 25.Chart 25 (a) & (b) Whom reported?26.Chart 26 (a) & (b) Why not reported?Chart 27 (a) & (b)Old age homes27. 28.Chart 28 (a) & (b)reasons for old age homes29.Chart 29 (a) & (b)ways to handle elderly abuseChart 30 (a) & (b)awareness of redress mechanisms30. List of Maps & PhotographsPicture 1: Indian map with location of Delhi1.13 Executive summaryThe present study is an attempt to understand the issue of elderly abuse and itsprevalence across rural and urban areas of Delhi. The study has covered the elderlyin the age group of 60 and above with a sample size of 28 elder people.SALIENT FINDINGS? There were no single and divorced elderly in rural areas of Delhi and thepercentage of widow/widower in rural areas was much higher than in urbanareas. ? The percentage of married elderly women in urban areas was slightly lesser(50%) in contrast to rural areas (57%).? Literacy level is miserable in rural areas with 28% of the rural elderly havenot attended school and only 43% have done primary schooling. ? Higher literacy rate in urban areas of Delhi with 57% of elders havegraduation degree.? More than half of the elders in both rural and urban areas reside with theirspouses.? The elders preferred staying in old age homes majorly to get rid of lonelinessbut this concept is more prevalent in urban areas. Rural people are generallyunaware of this.? The dependency ratio was lower in rural areas as around 57% of the old agepeople were self-employed.? About half of urban elders relied on their children and only 21% are self- employed.? Ownership of asset was just doubled in elder people of urban areas. ? Approximately 86% of elders in both the areas were found to be the victimsof elderly abuse. ? It was found that elder females suffered abuse more than their malecounterparts in both the areas.? Neglect (42.8%) and disrespect (29%) were found to be the major form ofelder abuse in urban areas and occurred on a daily basis.? Physical abuse (50%) and verbal abuse (29%) was highly recognized as amajor form in rural areas and occurred on a daily basis. Other forms of abuse14 like verbal and physical abuse found to occur once in a week or once in amonth.? Both son and daughter-in-law were found to be the major abusers in both theareas. However, son was found to be the major abusers in urban areas (65%)in contrast to rural areas (50%).? Property issues (36%), independence of youth (29%) and lack of adjustmentdue to cultural contrast (22%) are the major reasons behind the abuse in ruralareas.? Financial dependence (58%) emerged as the major reason for suffering inrural areas.? Around 65% and 58% elders reported abuse they sufferer, from urban andrural areas respectively.? The elders in urban areas equally reported to other family member, friendand local police/NGO whereas the elders in rural areas majorly reportedtheir suffering to their friends (40%). This suggests that elders in rural areasrelied largely on their friends rather reporting to any other agency.? Threat of complaining was also one of the common reasons in both areas fornot reporting the incident and found to be higher in rural areas.? Around same percentage of elders suffered from severe health issues in boththe areas.? The elders in rural were found to suffer majorly from stress depression andserious physical ailments as well.? Strengthening intergenerational bonding, increasing financial assistance toelders, effective legal reporting and redress mechanism and formation ofself-help groups for old citizens is recommended by half of the elders in boththe areas.? 56% elders in urban areas knew about police help lines, 35% knew aboutHelpAge India help lines and only 7 % elders knew about tribunal underMPSWC act? Only 26% of rural elders knew about help age help lines and none knewabout the tribunal. 15 "